Aberrant changes of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in brain of a genetic rat model for epilepsy: tremor rat

Xiaoxue Xu/ Feng Guo/ Xinze Cai/ Jun Yang/ Jiuhan Zhao/ Dongyu Min/ Qianhui Wang/ Liying Hao/ Jiqun Cai

Excessive excitation or loss of inhibitory neurotransmission has been closely related to epileptic activity. Somatostatin (SST) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) are members of endogenous neuropeptides which are recognized as important modulator of classical neurotransmitter, distributed abundantly in mammalian central nervous system. Abnormal expression of these two neuropeptides evidenced in some epileptic models highlights the relevance of SST or NPY in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The tremor rat (TR(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-016

Published Online: 25-July-2017

High-dose 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D supplementation elongates the lifespan of Huntington’s disease transgenic mice

Máté` Fort Molnár/ Rita Török/ Evelin Sümegi/ László Vécsei/ Péter Klivényi/ Levente Szalárdy1

Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant progressive neurodegenerative disease, which results in a decreased quality of life and an early death. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was first described in a 2013 study in patients with manifest Huntington’s disease, where serum vitamin D level was found to be associated with motor capabilities of the patients. Objectives: Our objective was to investigate the effect of a high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation on a transgenic mouse model of(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-017

Published Online: 04-August-2017

Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on non-veridical decision making

Jaan Tulviste/ Elkhonon Goldberg/ Kenneth Podell/ Talis Bachmann

We test the emerging hypothesis that prefrontal cortical mechanisms involved in non-veridical decision making do not overlap with those of veridical decision making. Healthy female subjects performed an experimental task assessing free choice, agent-centered decision making (The Cognitive Bias Task) and a veridical control task related to visuospatial working memory (the Moving Spot Task). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (D(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-018

Published Online: 01-August-2017

The effects of edaravone in ketamine-induced model of mania in rats

Filiz Civil Arslan/ Ahmet Tiryaki/ Mehmet Yıldırım/ Evrim Özkorumak/ Ahmet Alver/ İlkay Keleş Altun/ İmran İnce/ Öznur Gedikli

Bipolar disorder is a chronic disease characterized by recurring episodes of mania and depression that can lead to disability. This study investigates the protective effects of edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one), a drug with well-known antioxidant properties, in a model of mania induced by ketamine in rats. Locomotor activity was assessed in the open-field test. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were measured in ord(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-019

Continuous MPTP intoxication in the Göttingen minipig results in chronic parkinsonian deficits

Mette Slot Nielsen/ Andreas Nørgaard Glud/ Arne Møller/ Poul Mogensen/ Dirk Bender/ Jens Christian Sørensen/ Doris Doudet/ Carsten Reidies Bjarkam

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, resulting from progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Neuroprotective therapies in PD are still not available, perhaps because animal models do not imitate the chronic and progressive nature of the clinical state of PD. To address this, we performed a feasibility study aimed at establishing a chronic non-primate large animal PD model in Göttingen minipigs based on continuous infusion o(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-020

Rat white matter injury model induced by endothelin-1 injection: technical modification and pathological evaluation

Hideaki Ono/ Hideaki Imai/ Satoru Miyawaki/ Hirofumi Nakatomi/ Nobuhito Saito

White matter injury is an important cause of functional disability of the brain. We comprehensively analyzed a modified endothelin-1 (ET-1) injection-induced white matter injury model in the rat which is very valuable for investigating the underlying mechanisms of subcortical ischemic stroke. ET-1 was stereotactically injected into the internal capsule of the rat. To avoid complications with leakage of ET-1 into the lateral ventricle, the safest trajectory angle to the target was established. Ra(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-021

Effects of social stress and clomipramine on emotional memory in mice

Aranzazu Duque/ Concepción Vinader-Caerols/ Santiago Monleón

We have previously observed impairing effects of social defeat stress (CSDS) on inhibitory avoidance (IA) in mice. Given the similarity between changes produced by social stress in animals and symptoms of certain human psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety, the effects of the antidepressant clomipramine on IA impairment produced by CSDS were evaluated in the present study. Male CD1 mice were randomly assigned to the groups: non-stressed+saline, non-stressed+clomipramine, stressed+sali(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-022

The false-positive responses of analgesic drugs to the intradermal serotonin- and compound 48/80-induced scratches as an animal model of itch

Fatih Ilkaya/ Ozgur Yesilyurt/ Melik Seyrek/ Ozgur Gunduz/ Tayfun Ide/ Ahmet Akar/ Ahmet Ulugol/ Hasan Guzel/ Ahmet Dogrul/ Durmus Ucar/ Caner Gunaydin

Intradermal injection of pruritogens such as serotonin, histamine and compound 48/80 into the skin and then, the evaluation of the scratching behavior is the commonly used animal model to advance pruritic research and drug development. However, predictive validity of this model is poorly documented. There is a close interaction between itch and pain sensations with regard to mediation through an anatomically and functionally identical neuronal pathway. One approach is whether the existing animal(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-023

Spatial memory formation differentially affects c-Fos expression in retrosplenial areas during place avoidance training in rats

Monika Malinowska/ Monika Niewiadomska/ Malgorzata Wesierska

The retrosplenial cortex is involved in spatial memory function, but the contribution of its individual areas is not well known. To elucidate the involvement of retrosplenial cortical areas 29c and 30 in spatial memory, we analyzed the expression of c-Fos in these areas in the experimental group of rats that were trained in a spatial place avoidance task, i.e. to avoid shocks presented in an unmarked sector of a stable arena under light conditions. Control rats were trained in the same context a(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-024