VOLUME 79 , ISSUE 2 (June 2019) - List of articles

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Autism spectrum disorder and mercury toxicity: use of genomic and epigenetic methods to solve the etiologic puzzle

Mark E. McCaulley

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an increasingly prevalent neurodevelopmental condition of unknown etiology. Mercury is a common, highly neurotoxic heavy metal. The similarities of neurologic manifestations of mercury exposure and ASD raise an intriguing hypothetical question: Is ASD, at least partially, a manifestation of mercury toxicity? The fetus is particularly vulnerable to mercury exposure from the “double jeopardy” combination of the genetics of his mother and his own genetics, as relat(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-010

Coumarins as potential supportive medication for the treatment of epilepsy

Jarosław Bryda/ Mirosław Zagaja/ Aleksandra Szewczyk/ Marta Andres-Mach

Epilepsy, one of the most common neurological disorders, is a chronic disease of the brain manifested by seizures due to sudden, spontaneous bioelectrical discharges in nerve cells. An estimated 50 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy. Antiepileptic drugs are the mainstream treatment for epilepsy; however, the drug resistance occurring in 20-30% of patients and side effects of available medications have resulted in a search for natural remedies that can support disease therapy. Coumarin(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-011

Prenatal ethanol intoxication and maternal intubation stress alter cell survival and apoptosis in the postnatal development of rat hippocampus

Birsen Elibol/ Merve Beker/ Cigdem Dilek Sahbaz/ Ulkan Kilic/ Ewa Jakubowska-Doğru

It is well known that the fetal ethanol exposure and prenatal stress may have adverse effects on brain development. Interestingly, some morphological and functional recovery from their teratogenic effects that take place during brain maturation. However, mechanisms that underlie this recovery are not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to examine whether the postnatal attenuation of fetal alcohol – and maternal stress-induced morphological and functional deficits correlates with compensa(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-012

The effects of moderate running exercise and L-tyrosine on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats

Yildirim Kayacan/ Emin Can Kisa/ Babak Elmi Ghojebeigloo/ Suleyman Emre Kocacan/ Mustafa Ayyildiz/ Erdal Agar

Regular exercise and amino acid supplementation, popular approaches toward the reduction of epileptic seizures, have been extensively researched. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of treadmill exercise and L-tyrosine treatment on the frequency and amplitude of epileptiform activity in rats. A total of 32 male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, exercise, L-tyrosine, and exercise + L-tyrosine. L-tyrosine was supplemented by oral gavage (500 mg/kg/day(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-013

Short-term exposure to high-intensity sound induces hearing loss and apoptosis in guinea pigs

Yanqing Liu/ Hui Wang/ Ziquan Liu/ Yanjun Gu/ Limin Xin/ Jinyang Liu/ Haojun Fan

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of short-term high-intensity sound exposure on guinea pigs to mimic the effects of non-lethal anti-riot weapons. A total of 92 male adult guinea pigs were exposed to high-intensity sound at 0 dB, 110 dB and 130 dB for 5 min. Basic clinical observation, repellent behaviour detection, peripheral blood routine examination, serum cortisol detection and hearing ability assessment were performed to analyse the functional cha(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-014

Prevention of cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in rats by essential nutrients present in nuts

Zehra Batool/ Faiza Agha/ Saiqa Tabassum/ Tuba Sharf1 Batool/ Rafat Ali Siddiqui/ Saida Haider

Cadmium, a heavy metal with no physiological function in the human body, is considered a bio-hazard. It is also considered to be a potent neurotoxin. The primary sources of cadmium exposure are diet and cigarette smoke. It has been postulated that nutritional deficiencies can increase the risk of cadmium toxicity. Nuts provide essential nutrients which are necessary for the maintenance of brain health in humans. The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective effects of alm(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-015

Modulation of catalase, copper and zinc in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex in social isolation-induced depression in male rats

Hamidreza Famitafreshi/ Morteza Karimian

Depression is a chronic illness of unknown etiology. Trace elements, such as copper and zinc, and defense antioxidants, such as catalase, are important factors that determine the clinical course of brain diseases. Furthermore, altered glucose metabolism in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex has been associated with depression. Identifying factors that can precipitate depressive-like behavior is of particular importance as it can direct clinicians towards the etiology of the disease. In this study(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-016

N1-P2: Neural markers of temporal expectation and response discrimination in interval timing

Halil Duzcu/ Tolga Esat Özkurt/ Igor Mapelli/ Annette Hohenberger

Humans use temporal regularities in their daily life to act in accordance with future events in the most efficient way. To achieve this, humans build temporal expectations and determine a template action that is in line with those expectations. In this temporal trisection study, we aimed to study the neurophysiological counterparts of temporal expectation and response discrimination. We investigated amplitude variations of early event-related potentials (ERPs) while manipulating time intervals. (..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-017

miRNA-223-3p and let-7b-3p as potential blood biomarkers associated with the ischemic penumbra in rats

Shenghua Li/ Lan Chen/ Xia Zhou/ Jinpin Li/ Jingli Liu

The present study aimed to identify commonalities in the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of the brain ischemic penumbra and the blood after hyperacute ischemic stroke and then to address whether the miRNA profile of blood has potential usefulness as a diagnostic biomarker of hyperacute ischemic stroke. Blood was collected from the jugular vein 4 h after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). After venous blood was collected, the rats were decapitated immediately, and brain isch(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-018

The effect of bupropion augmentation of minocycline in the treatment of depression

Monica Bendale/ Sharon Ronald D'souza/ Veeranjaneyulu Addepalli/ Pravin Popatrao Kale

The aim of the current study was to analyse the augmentation of minocycline with bupropion in treating depression. ‘Saline’ (10 ml/kg), ‘minocycline per se’ (25 mg/kg), ‘minocycline per se’ (50 mg/kg), ‘bupropion per se’ (5 mg/kg), ‘bupropion per se’ (10 mg/kg) and ‘bupropion + minocycline’ (5 mg/kg + 25 mg/kg each) were administered to mice via the intraperitoneal route. In the forced swim and tail suspension test, the immobility period was analysed after 30 min of the treatment. Monoamines lik(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-019

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