VOLUME 56 , ISSUE 3 (April 2017) - List of articles

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PATHOGENICITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHLAMYDIAE FOR HUMANS AND ANIMALS

Małgorzata Pawlikowska-Warych/ Joanna Palma/ Wiesław Deptuła

More and more attention has been paid to environmental chlamydiae in recent years. They were classified as pathogenic bacteria for both humans and animals. Thanks to molecular biology techniques, the following nine families of environmental chlamydiae were assigned to the order of Chlamydiales: Candidatus Clavichlamydiaceae, Criblamydiaceae, Parachlamydiaceae, Candidatus Piscichlamydiaceae, Rhabdochlamydiaceae, Simkaniaceae, Waddliaceae, Candidatus Actinochlamydiacae and Candidatus Parilichlamyd(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.265

UNDERGROUND COMMUNICATION – THE NEW ELEMENTS OF SIGNALLING PATHWAYS OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS

Katarzyna Jas/ Urszula Małolepsza

Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic relationship between living cells of the roots of higher plants and non-pathogenic fungi which inhabit soil and belong to Glomeromycota (endomycorrhizae) and Basidiomycota, Ascomycota (ectomycorrhizae). Although the phenomenon of mycorrhiza was discovered by a Polish botanist F.D. Kamieński already in 1881, various stages of establishing the symbiotic relationship between the partners are still not fully understood and explained. According to the current knowledge, the (..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.275

CANDIDA AURIS – EMERGING FUNGAL PATHOGEN

Dominika Grondalska/ Wioletta Kmieciak

In recent years, the incoming information about the emergence of new superbacteria and superviruses has been causing growing anxiety. However, also fungi are with increasing frequency reported as the sources of intercontinental microbiological hazards. According to the latest reports, quickly spreading, multidrug-resistant and difficult to identify yeast Candida auris may soon become the center of attention for clinicians, laboratory diagnosticians and the groups of advisers on the hospital-acqu(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.282

NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS – CHARACTERISTICS AND METHODS OF BIODEGRADATION

Alicja Wysocka/ Agata Olszyna/ Iga Komorowska/ Magdalena Popowska

Nitroaromatic compounds are present in the environment mainly as industry products. They pose a serious risk to our health (often exhibiting strong mutagenic and carcinogenic effect) as well as to the environment. Most of the nitroaromatic compounds are stable due to considerable resistance to degradation and they persist in the environment for a long time. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge concerning biodegradation of nitroaromatic compounds. In the first part, general i(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.289

BACTERIAL CHITINASES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Anna Kisiel/ Ewa Kępczyńska

Chitin, an insoluble linear β-1,4-linked polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature after cellulose. It is present in cell walls of several fungi, exoskeletons of insects and crustacean shells. Enzymatic hydrolysis of this polysaccharide is carried out in the presence of glycoside hydrolases-chitinases. They are produced by microorganisms, insects, plants, and animal, but it is the bacterial chitinases which play a fundamental role in degradation of the (..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.306

SECRETION OF OUTER MEMBRANE VESICLES AS A MECHANISM PROMOTING H. PYLORI INFECTIONS

Paweł Krzyżek

Helicobacter pylori commonly colonizes the human gastric mucosa. Infections with this microorganism can contribute to serious health consequences, such as peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Chronic persistence of this bacteria in the host organism is probably strongly dependent on the secretion of outer membrane vesicles (OMV). These organelles are small, electron-dense, extracellular structures which are secreted in large amounts du(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.316

STRATEGIES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF THIOLOXIDORDUCTASES

Elżbieta Katarzyna Jagusztyn-Krynicka/ Anna Marta Banaś/ Magdalena Joanna Grzeszczuk

Bacterial Dsb (disulfide bond) enzymes are involved in the oxidative folding of many proteins, through the formation of disulfide bonds between thiol groups of cysteine residues. This process is critical for the correct folding and structural stability of many secreted and membrane proteins. The rapidly expanding number of sequenced bacterial genomes has revealed the enormous diversity among bacterial Dsb systems. While the Escherichia coli oxidative protein folding has been studied in great det(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.326

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SPIROCHETES BORRELIA BURGDORFERI SENSU LATO TO ANTIBIOTICS IN VITRO

Tomasz Chmielewski/ Stanisława Tylewska-Wierzbanowska

Empiric therapy has been applied in the treatment of Lyme disease. This therapy is selected following the sensitivity analysis of the proposed drug in all species of bacteria which can cause a similar type of infection and on the basis of the clinical efficacy of antibiotic treatment. Established schemes based on data collected from many centers in the world, including type of antibiotic, dose and duration of his administration, and the stage and form of Lyme disease have been created. Number of(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.335

GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION METHODS OF MICROORGANISMS IN THE SOIL – PLANT SYSTEM

Małgorzata Łyszcz/ Anna Gałązka

Biodiversity is a key concept in finding important features of new microorganisms. Microorganisms play an important role in the soil ecosystem and participate, among others, in such processes as the maintenance of soil structure, humification, release of organic compounds, disposal of pollutants and transformation of organic matter. The maintenance of competent state of soil microbial communities, i.e. the appropriate microorganism count, activity and diversity, is a necessary condition for the (..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.341

THE APPLICATION OF GENOTYPING AND PHENOTYPING TECHNIQUES FOR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MICROORGANISMS

Marcin Brzozowski/ Paweł Kwiatkowski/ Joanna Jursa-Kulesza/ Danuta Kosik-Bogacka

The research on similarity between bacteria in outbreak investigations enables the identification of bacterial strain responsible for infections, their source and modes of transmission. These investigations are also necessary for the analysis of spreading of bacteria, not only locally, e.g. in a hospital in a specific country, but also internationally and globally. Therefore, it is of great importance to have the most up to date knowledge regarding different methods used in bacterial typing. Thi(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2017.56.3.353

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