Ultrasonographic assessment of articular cartilage of the femoral condyle in patients with an increased Q-angle

Maciej Kusiak/ Adam Kawczyński

Introduction: The patella is a sesamoid for the quadriceps, which increases its power during knee extension and thus transfers considerable forces. The etiology of patellofemoral pain is multifactorial. In the absence of injury, the commonly accepted hypothesis is associated with increased compression of articulating surfaces. Aim: The aim of the study was to perform an ultrasound evaluation of the thickness of articular cartilage covering the medial and lateral femoral condyle in patients with (..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0027

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Incidence of intrauterine abnormalities in Pakistani women with unexplained infertility diagnosed via saline infusion sonography

Rubina Izhar/ Samia Husain/ Suhaima Tahir/ Sonia Husain

Objective: To determine the frequency of intrauterine abnormalities in women with unexplained infertility using saline infusion sonography. Material and methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at Aziz medical centre, Karachi, Pakistan between January and December 2015. The study population comprised of women with unexplained infertility who underwent saline infusion sonography as a part of their diagnostic workup. The frequency of uterine abnormalities in these women was determi(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0028

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Comparison of lung ultrasound and chest X-ray findings in children with bronchiolitis

Sławomir Jaszczołt/ Tomasz Polewczyk/ Marta Dołęga-Kozierowska/ Mariusz Woźniak/ Zbigniew Doniec

Aim: Respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen responsible for bronchiolitis. Usually, there is no indication to perform diagnostic imaging or run laboratory tests in patients with bronchiolitis since the diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation. Chest radiogram can be useful in severe cases. So far, lung ultrasound has not been considered as an alternative in guidelines for imaging diagnosis of bronchiolitis. The aim of the study was to compare lung ultrasound and chest X-ray find(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0029

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Polish recommendations for lung ultrasound in internal medicine (POLLUS-IM)

Natalia Buda/ Wojciech Kosiak/ Elżbieta Radzikowska/ Robert Olszewski/ Ewa Jassem/ Elżbieta Magdalena Grabczak/ Andrzej Pomiecko/ Jakub Piotrkowski/ Maciej Piskunowicz/ Malwina Sołtysiak/ Szymon Skoczyński/ Grzegorz Jaczewski/ Jolanta Odrowska/ Agnieszka Skoczylas/ Marcin Wełnicki/ Jakub Wiśniewski/ Anna Zamojska

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish recommendations for the use of lung ultrasound in internal medicine, based on reliable data and expert opinions. Methods: The bibliography from the databases (Pubmed, Medline, OVID, Embase) has been fully reviewed up to August 2017. Members of the expert group assessed the credibility of the literature data. Then, in three rounds, a discussion was held on individual recommendations (in accordance with the Delphi procedure) followed by secret voti(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0030

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Pitfalls in ultrasound imaging of the stomach and the intestines

Andrzej Smereczyński/ Katarzyna Kołaczyk

The gastrointestinal tract is an extraordinary human organ in terms of its morphology and function. Its complex structure and enormous length as well as frequent presence of gas discourage many doctors performing ultrasound examination from its exploration. Moreover, there are anatomical structures in multiple locations which can mimic certain abnormalities. It is difficult to present an exhaustive account of the problem of gastrointestinal tract ultrasound imaging errors in a single work; there(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0031

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Articular abnormalities that may mimic arthritis

Adam Greenspan/ Andrew J. Grainger

There are numerous abnormalities that present with similar signs and symptoms to arthritis. In this article some of these conditions that can masquerade as arthritis are discussed. Synovial osteochondromatosis is an uncommon benign disorder marked by the metaplastic proliferation of multiple cartilaginous nodules in the synovial membrane of the joints, bursae, or tendon sheaths. Pigmented villonodular synovitis, also known as diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor, is a locally destructive f(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0032

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Classifications and imaging of juvenile spondyloarthritis

Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska/ Iris Eshed/ Lennart Jans/ Nele Herregods/ James Teh/ Jelena Vojinovic

Juvenile spondyloarthritis may be present in at least 3 subtypes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis according to the classification of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology. By contrast with spondyloarthritis in adults, juvenile spondyloarthritis starts with inflammation of peripheral joints and entheses in the majority of children, whereas sacroiliitis and spondylitis may develop many years after the disease onset. Peripheral joint involvement makes it difficult to differentia(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0033

Published Online: 25-September-2018

The diagnosis and management of shoulder pain

Gina M. Allen

Diagnosis is crucial in decision-making when treating a patient with shoulder pain. Ultrasound is also very important in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathway, especially when surgery is being considered. This article outlines the diagnostic pathway using the patient’s history, physical examination and ultrasound examination. It is important to correlate the clinical assessment with the imaging signs. It is also important to treat the patient and not the images as there may be abnormalities det(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0034

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Acrania-exencephaly-anencephaly sequence phenotypic characterization using two- and three-dimensional ultrasound between 11 and 13 weeks and 6 days of gestation

Eduardo Félix Martins Santana/ Edward Araujo Júnior/ Gabriele Tonni/ Fabricio Da Silva Costa/ Simon Meagher

The study presents a pictorial essay of acrania-exencephaly-anencephaly sequence using two-(2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography, documenting the different phenotypic characterization of this rare disease. Normal and abnormal fetuses were evaluated during the first trimester scan. The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology practice guidelines were adopted to standardize first trimester anatomical ultrasound screening. The guidelines outline the importance of s(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0035

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Ultrasound findings in extragenital endometriosis

Yi Dong/ Barbara Braden/ Christoph Klinger/ Tomás Ripolles/ Christoph F. Dietrich

We present a report on ultrasound findings in extragenital endometriosis and a literature review accompanied by illustrations. Intestinal endometriosis should be considered in female patients of reproductive age who present with constipation, gastrointestinal bleeding, nausea, vomiting, cramp-like abdominal pain, diarrhoea and pelvic pain. Although definitive preoperative diagnosis of endometriosis is difficult, clinical suspicion and appropriate imaging might prevent extensive surgical procedur(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0036

TRUS-guided drainage of the ectopic ureter entering the prostatic urethra and TRUS-guided transurethral neo-orifice formation using holmium laser

Waldemar Białek/ Ewa Mey/ Piotr Kawecki/ Roman Styliński/ Sławomir Rudzki

A fifty-nine year-old male was hospitalized for exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. As a gigantic cyst of the pancreatic tail was identified, it was fused with the jejunal loop. Due to persistent fever and severe symptoms in the storage and voiding phases, the patient was referred to a urologist. Because transrectal ultrasound examination revealed a fluid collection resembling the left seminal vesicle filled with purulent material, a transrectal puncture procedure was performed. The analysis o(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0037

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Spontaneous resolution of unifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the skull: potential role of ultrasound in detection and imaging follow-up

Filip M. Vanhoenacker/ Joris Verlooy/ Mania De Praeter

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a tumor-like condition characterized by idiopathic proliferation of Langerhans cells. The disease may involve the skeleton as well as other organs systems. Bone involvement may be solitary or multifocal. Unifocal osseous Langerhans cell histiocytosis may involve virtually any bone, with the calvarium being most frequently involved. Plain radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the most used techniques for detection and characterization(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0038

Published Online: 25-September-2018

Charcot foot in a diabetic patient – clinical and imaging considerations

Adam Greenspan

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0039