VOLUME 13 , ISSUE 1 (Jan 2020) - List of articles

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Modeling and experimental validation of the hysteretic dynamics of shape memory alloy springs

R. A. Abubakar/ Yutian Hu/ Fan Wang/ Linxiang Wang

Abstract In this work, the hysteretic dynamics of a pseudoelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) spring is modeled and tested. A constitutive model of SMA spring is constructed by combining the theory of mechanical spring and the derived SMA constitutive relation. The SMA spring recovery force is modeled by employing the Euler–Lagrange equation based on a non-convex potential function. A macroscopic differential model is formulated to describe the hysteretic dynamics and the pseudoelasticity of the SM(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2019-012

Target Characterization Using MIMO Radar

Samarendra Nath Sur/ Soumyasree Bera/ Subhankar Shome/ Rabindranath Bera/ Bansibadan Maji

Abstract The exploitation of coherency gain and diversity gain to improve the MIMO system performance is a burning research topic. This paper is to examine the performance analysis of MIMO radar by utilizing the above-said gains. The authors have analyzed the performance of the MIMO radar, in terms of mathematical modeling, considering the probability of detection and post-processing SNR, with respect to changes in the diversity order. Furthermore, this paper also deals with the practical implem(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2019-013

Study on the suitability of ZnO thin film for dynamic pressure sensing application

Suma M. N./ Venkateswarlu Gaddam/ M. V. N. Prasad/ M. M. Nayak/ K. Rajanna

Abstract ZnO thin films were prepared by RF reactive magnetron sputtering on phynox substrate at room temperature for four different thicknesses by varying deposition duration. The structural and morphological properties and composition of these films were characterized using XRD, SEM, and EDS, respectively. Suitability of these films for dynamic pressure sensing applications and the effect of film thickness on dynamic pressure sensing were evaluated experimentally using a shock tube equipment. (..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-002

Robust single target tracking using determinantal point process observations

S. Hernández/ P. Sallis

Abstract The efficiency and robustness of modern visual tracking systems are largely dependent on the object detection system at hand. Bernoulli and Multi-Bernoulli filters have been proposed for visual tracking without explicit detections (image observations). However, these previous approaches do not fully exploit discriminative features for tracking. In this paper, we propose a novel Bernoulli filter with determinantal point processes observations. The proposed observation model can select gr(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-001

An incremental meter placement method for state estimation considering collinear measurements and high leverage points

Hatim G. Abood/ Victor Sreeram/ Yateendra Mishra

Abstract The performance of the power system state estimation (SE) is influenced by the configuration of the meters and measurement redundancy. Therefore, the measurement set needs to be updated by installing new SCADA meters and phasor measurement units for improving the quality of the SE solution. However, the potential inconsistency between the existing meters and the new meters should be addressed. Otherwise, the additional meters may lead to numerical problems such as collinearity (linear d(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-004

Intelligent agent for formal modelling of temporal multi-agent systems

Awais Qasim/ Zeeshan Aziz/ Syed Asad Raza Kazmi/ Adnan Khalid/ Ilyas Fakhir/ Jawad Hassan

Abstract Software systems are becoming complex and dynamic with the passage of time, and to provide better fault tolerance and resource management they need to have the ability of self-adaptation. Multi-agent systems paradigm is an active area of research for modeling real-time systems. In this research, we have proposed a new agent named SA-ARTIS-agent, which is designed to work in hard real-time temporal constraints with the ability of self-adaptation. This agent can be used for the formal mod(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-003

LiDAR derived terrain wetness indices to infer soil moisture above underground pipelines

David Bretreger/ In-Young Yeo/ Robert Melchers

Abstract Corrosion of external cast-iron pipe surfaces, a major contributor to pipe failure, has been attributed to the free water in the soil surrounding the pipe. Because observation at pipe depth is difficult, a potential proxy is the soil surface moisture. Herein highly accurate elevation data derived from airborne light detection and ranging is used to model the distribution of soil water in urban catchments containing pipe infrastructure. The results are compared with local soil moisture T(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-005

Forest fire detection using wireless sensor networks

Premsai Dasari/ Gundam Krishna Jayanth Reddy/ Abhishek Gudipalli

Abstract A forest has different types of vegetation like herbs, trees, shrubs and different species of animals. In one way or other, these renewable resources are very essential to mankind. Forest fires are the most common hazards in forests which lead to serious destruction of forest wealth, bio-diversity and natural habitat. Early detection and preventive measures are necessary to protect forests from fires. In order to achieve early detection, there are two most used traditional methods of hu(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-006

A novel approach to label road defects in video data: semi-automated video analysis

Jakob Thumm/ Johannes Masino/ Martin Knoche/ Frank Gauterin/ Markus Reischl

Abstract Road defects like potholes have a major impact on road safety and comfort. Detecting these defects manually is a highly time consuming and expensive task. Previous approaches to detect road events automatically using acceleration sensors and gyro meters showed good results. However, these results could be significantly improved with additional usage of image analysis. A large, labeled image data set is required for training and validation. This paper presents a method to automate parts (..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-007

A review of privacy-preserving human and human activity recognition

Im Y. Jung

Abstract Many automation technologies using software are making humans convenient. One of these technologies is to collect data through cameras and sensors that are common in personal life and automatically recognize human and human activities. The goal of automation is to analyze the various types of big data that are difficult to perform mechanical data mining. Raw data collected from cameras and sensors are nothing but big data before analysis. In this case, how to protect data by secure stor(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-008

Non-destructive, non-invasive, in-line real-time phase-based reflectance for quality monitoring of fruit

M. Assaad

Abstract Food quality monitoring in the production process is essential. The control of food quality and freshness is of growing interest for both consumer and food industry. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is popular as it does not need any sample preparation. However, NIR spectroscopy is costly and needs reliable calibration. A non-contact, non-destructive optical process is proposed in this work to monitor the quality of the food. It is shown that the reﬂected phase information can be used t(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-009

Sliding mode control design for the attitude and altitude of the quadrotor UAV

Ahmed Eltayeb/ Mohd Fua’ad Rahmat/ Mohd Ariffanan Mohd Basri

Abstract Recently, the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are attracting significant interest from researchers due to its widespread applications, which involve the civilian and military sectors. In this paper, a robust sliding mode control (SMC) algorithm is designed to stabilize the attitude and track the altitude of quadrotor UAV. The switching function in the SMC control law has been replaced by the error function to reduce the chattering influences. The chattering phenomenon is induce(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-011

QRS complex detection and R–R interval computation based on discrete wavelet transform

Aqeel M. Hamad Alhussainy

Abstract QRS represented the most important part of ECG signal, so different researches and studies are performed for QRS recognition. In this paper, a new technique by using wavelet transform is used for de-noising ECG signal by using adaptive threshold, then DWT used to separate the high frequency from the low component, then compute the statistical information from low frequencies to be used in threshold computation, Based on these statics features, lower and upper threshold are calculated, w(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-010

A novel algorithm for estimation of Twitter users location using public available information

Yasser Almadany/ Khalid Mohammed Saffer/ Ahmed K. Jameil/ Saad Albawi

Abstract Social media networks are an attractive and hot research area in the big data community because of their numerous active users. One of the most widely studied topics in social networks is the prediction from the public available data. Recently, researchers have successfully predicted many statistical and human properties from social media networks using different machine learning algorithms. In this paper, a new efficient and accurate algorithm is proposed to predict the country locatio(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-012

Implementation of a low cost, solar charged RF modem for underwater wireless sensor networks

Mohammad M. Abdellatif/ Salma M. Maher/ Ghazal M. Al-sayyad/ Sameh O. Abdellatif

Abstract Underwater communication (UWC) has become an attractive research field over the past few decades. This is mainly due to the increase in underwater applications such as exploration, monitoring, and warning systems. Traditional communications techniques face many obstacles when used underwater. Optical communications require line of sight which is not always maintained underwater due to turbulence. Acoustic communication does not suffer from that, however, it can only operate with very lo(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-015

Dynamical analysis and controllers performance evaluation for single degree-of-freedom system

Ivan Isho Gorial

Abstract In automation and mechatronics applications, mass spring damper system (MSDS) plays a significant role in ensuring model serviceability and safety. The system’s dynamic of this mechanical system is quite challenging to control. In this paper, the system is a single degree of freedom (SDOF) spring mass system. The issue of performance evaluation of three controllers, linear proportional integral derivate (LPID), nonlinear PID (NPID), and fuzzy logic controller (FLC), is presented. FLC de(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-018

Handling temporal constraints in interaction protocols for intelligent multi-agent systems

Awais Qasim/ Sobia Iqbal/ Zeeshan Aziz/ Syed Asad Raza Kazmi/ Adeel Munawar/ Basit Ali Gilani/ Neelam Qasim

Abstract This research focuses on handling temporal constraints in interaction protocols for multi-agent systems. There is a dire need of standardized interaction protocols that can be used to handle timing aspects in real-time multi-agent system’s negotiation. The most commonly used Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents Protocol lacks the appropriate specification in this regard. In real-time systems timing constraint is a major concern for all of its tasks and goals. Agents require real-t(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-020

MDRP: An Energy-Efficient Multi-Disjoint Routing protocol in WSNs for Smart Grids

K. Deepa

Abstract Rapid increase in sensor electronics has expanded the call for sensor networks in IoT-based devices. Smart grid is a part of IoT framework, which can be used to screen and manage traffic congestion, electricity inﬂuxes, extreme weather, and so on. This is done through a network of transmission lines, smart sensors, and smart meters. It is required to distribute and accumulate information remotely on timely basis from different stages of the grid. The periodic data from the smart meters (..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-016

Guaranteed time slot trade-off in QOS improvement with IEEE standard 802.15.4 for wireless sensor networks at the MAC layer

S. S. Bamber

Abstract The performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with IEEE standard 802.15.4 at different types of devices can be improved with the appropriate utilization of guaranteed time slots (GTSs) in superframe at the media access control (MAC) layer. GTS implementation at the MAC layer enhances quality of service (QoS) by providing guarantee for delivery in time to the data collected at real time by the reduced functional device (RFD) from the surroundings to be transmitted to the fully funct(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-017

The feasibility of motion sensor-based smart RFID system in improving the power saving

Anas Mouattah/ Khalid Hachemi

Abstract RFID (radio frequency identification) implementation in large buildings requires setting up a grid that implies a lot of RFID readers. Although these readers are not power greedy, their usage can affect the electricity bill in the long run. In this paper, we study the worthiness of upgrading to a motion sensor-based smart RFID system, from a power-efficiency point of view. A decision-support protocol is developed for this purpose that considers the occupancy ratio of the environment whe(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-019

1/10th scale autonomous vehicle based on convolutional neural network

Avishkar Seth/ Alice James*/ Subhas C. Mukhopadhyay

Abstract A vehicle capable of using sensors to detect and control its driving actions is called an autonomous vehicle. The development of autonomous vehicles caters to many application areas in the technological advancement of society. This research paper shows a demonstration and implementation of an autonomous vehicle based on a convolutional neural network. The vehicle uses a 1/10th scale RC car as its primary base for the system control with the camera as its primary input. For the computing(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-021

Spectral filtering copper-coated hibiscus-butanol extract for photovoltaic cells

M. E. Emetere/ Gabe-Oji Testimony

Abstract The efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) panel was queried in this research. Past research on spectra response has shown that the maximum solar response, i.e. using color filters is 24%. This result is not very good for a PV system exposed to the harsh weather condition in any part of the African continent. In this research, the bio-filter was used to perform spectral filtering of harmful solar radiation hitting the surface of the solar PV panel. The bio-filter was synthesized from the e(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-014

Evaluation of navigation system of a robot designed for greenhouse spraying

Hossein Mosalanejad/ Saeid Minaei/ Alimohammad Borghei/ Behfar Farzaneh

Abstract This research aims on the development of one efficient and feasible robotic vehicle for spraying inside a greenhouse and evaluation of its navigation system. The proposed system makes its movements by the left and right side motors, and the guidance was provided by ultrasonic sensors. A proportional control mechanism was implemented for continuous and real-time operations of the robotic unit. Such a system uses the ‘range information’ collected by sensors, so the unit can complete its m(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-023

Spectral filtering of photovoltaic cells using novel bio-filter: silver-coated Ixora extract using water as a solution

Moses E. Emetere/ Adeyemo Nehemiah

Abstract Over the years, it has been noticed that there is a rising interest in spectral filtering to increase the overall efficiency or output of photovoltaic solar systems. Meanwhile methods for comparing the performance of spectral filtering and the effects of optical spectral filter design on system performance are not well developed. This research emphasizes on two areas, that is, to screen plant extract to serve as a coating to elongate the life span or improve the efficiency of solar cell(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-013

IoT enabled sensor node: a tutorial paper

Alice James/ Avishkar Seth/ Subhas C. Mukhopadhyay

Abstract A descriptive guide to develop smart sensor nodes for Internet of Things (IoT) application has been presented in the paper. The current technology of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) which transmits data with low power consumption over a wide area has been illustrated in the scope of this project. An overview of the transition of IoT devices from a limited range personal area network to wide area network is justified. A sensor node has been developed and tested to validate the implem(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-022

Impact of Hybrid PAPR Reduction Techniques on FBMC for 5G Applications

Satwinder Kaur/ Lavish Kansal/ Gurjot Singh Gaba/ Fahad Alraddady/ Sandeep Kumar Arora

Abstract The filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) system suffers from the non-linear effects that arise due to a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Diverse precoding techniques are utilized to enhance the efficiency and robustness of FBMC. A high PAPR in the FBMC system can be overcome by a unique combination of precoding and conventional PAPR reduction techniques proposed in this paper. Different precoding schemes, discrete sine transform (DST) and discrete cosine transform (DCT), are combined(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-024

Development of an automated water management system in orchards in southern Thailand

Panjit Musik

Abstract Traditional agriculture-based orchards often encounter quality problems that do not meet the market demand. Technology development is required for increasing the quality of the production and reducing the production costs. The objective of this research is to develop an automated water management system to improve production in orchards and implementing them in the field. The proposed water management system contains the equipment for water supply systems, automatic measurement, and con(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-025

Salt and sugar detection system using a compact microstrip patch antenna

S. N. Njokweni/ P. Kumar

Abstract One of the reasons for many diseases such as diabetes, stroke, high blood pressure, kidney disease, etc., is the excess consumption of salt and sugar in the diet. So, to minimize these health problems, it is important to consume appropriate quantity of salt and sugar in the diet. This paper presents the design and development of a salt and sugar detection system using a low cost compact microstrip patch antenna. The salt and sugar detection system using a compact microstrip antenna is b(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-027

Gain analysis of high-speed DWDM link with different optical amplification configurations

Rajan Miglani/ Gurjot Singh Gaba/ Mehedi Masud/ Roobaea Alroobaea

Abstract Evolution of data-hungry devices has prompted the need for an exclusive communication infrastructure that can cater to the exponential increase in the need for high-speed data access. Since optical fiber links are inherently capable of supporting high-transmission data rates, fiber systems will be an integral part of the larger strategy to provide cost-effective high-speed data access to end users. This paper demonstrates the 100 × 40-Gbps dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)-b(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-028

Indonesian traffic sign detection based on Haar-PHOG features and SVM classification

Aris Sugiharto/ Agus Harjoko/ Suharto Suharto

Abstract Segmentation and feature extraction contributes to improved accuracy in traffic sign detection. As traffic signs are often located in complex environments, it is essential to develop feature extraction based on shapes. The Haar–PHOG feature is a development of both HOG and PHOG based on Canny edge detection. One of its advantages is that PHOG feature conducts calculation in four different frequencies of LL, HL, LH, and HH. Results from experiments on four roads in Central Java and Yogya(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-026

Resource allocation for NOMA based networks using relays: cell centre and cell edge users

Vipin Balyan*/ Rifqah Daniels

Abstract Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transpire out as a solution to revamp the problem of spectral efficiency, allowing some level of interference at receivers. Recently, relays are utilized to improve access of cell edge users. The utilization of relays improves spectral efficiency with reduced outage probability. In this paper, the relays used have the capability of performing successive interference cancellation (SIC) for the users connected to it and regenerates only the signals of (..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-031

Machine-to-machine and cell-to-cell traffic handling using relay and carrier aggregation prioritize on LTE-A PRO network

Vuyo Pana/ Vipin Balyan/ Ben Groenewald

Abstract With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and smart cities, the amount of connected devices is on the rise. The communication medium perfectly suited for interconnecting all the massive machine-type communications (mMTC) is long-term evolution advanced (LTE-A). The design in this paper consists of relay stations (RSs) that are connected to the base stations (BSs). The radio access network (RAN) will consist of a base station/eNodeB (eNB) with one or two hops of RS. The machine-to-(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-030

Impact of lanthanum doped zirconium oxide (LaZrO₂) gate dielectric material on FinFET inverter

Gurpurneet Kaur/ Sandeep Singh Gill/ Munish Rattan

Abstract Fin-typed field effect transistor (FinFET) has considered a suitable device for low power and high-performance applications. The incorporation of gate dielectric lanthanum doped zirconium oxide (LaZrO2) in the 14 nm silicon on insulator (SOI) FinFET not only enhanced effective carrier mobility but also diminished the short channel effects (SCEs). The FinFET embodiment with LaZrO2 has dwindled subthreshold swing (SS), reduced drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL), and raised on-current t(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-032

Compact wideband-printed antenna for sub-6 GHz fifth-generation applications

Ankush Kapoor/ Ranjan Mishra/ Pradeep Kumar

Abstract The design of a compact wideband partial slotted ground rectangular-printed antenna is presented. The design approach utilizing the slotted partial ground plane is much more flexible for improving the antenna performance. A detailed design guideline to estimate the antenna dimensions is given, which is based on mathematical and parametric analysis. The effects of variation of length of the ground and slot position in the ground plane are investigated. The simulation has been performed b(..)

DOI: 10.21307/ijssis-2020-033

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