VOLUME 69 , ISSUE 1 (Mar 2020) - List of articles

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Anti-Salmonella Potential of New Lactobacillus Strains with the Application in the Poultry Industry

JUSTYNA D. KOWALSKA/ ADRIANA NOWAK/ KATARZYNA ŚLIŻEWSKA/ MAŁGORZATA STAŃCZYK/ MAGDALENA ŁUKASIAK/ JAROSŁAW DASTYCH

Abstract Probiotics are considered an alternative to antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of Salmonella diseases in poultry. However, to use probiotics as proposed above, it is necessary to evaluate their properties in detail and to select the most effective bacterial strains in the application targeted. In this study, probiotic properties of new Lactobacillus sp. strains were investigated and their antimicrobial activity against 125 environmental strains of Salmonella sp. was determined (..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-001

Banana Peels: A Promising Substrate for the Coproduction of Pectinase and Xylanase from Aspergillus fumigatus MS16

MAHWISH ZEHRA/ MUHAMMAD NOMAN SYED/ MUHAMMAD SOHAIL

Abstract Banana peels (BP), an under-utilized waste material, was studied for the production of xylanase and pectinase by Aspergillus fumigates MS16. The factors affecting the co-production of both the enzymes were separately studied for their influence under submerged (Smf) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) of BP. The strain was cultivated in the presence of mineral salt (MS) solution containing BP powder as a sole source of carbon and physical and nutritional factors varied to observe the cha(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-002

Assessing the Microbial Communities in Four Different Daqus by Using PCR-DGGE, PLFA, and Biolog Analyses

YUXI LING/ WENYING LI/ TONG TONG/ ZUMING LI/ QIAN LI/ ZHIHUI BAI/ GUIJUN WANG/ JIAHAO CHEN/ YUGUANG WANG

Abstract Daqu made from raw wheat, barley or pea is used as an inoculum for the fermentation of Chinese Baijiu. In this study, the microbial communities of four different types of Daqus (sauce-flavor Wuling Daqu, sauce and strong-flavor Baisha Daqu, strong-flavor Deshan Daqu, and light-flavor Niulanshan Daqu) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, and Biolog EcoPlates analysis (Biolog). Clear differe(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-004

Impact of Hydrogen on the Transcriptome of Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 Using RNA-sequencing Technology

RUIRUI LIU/ LULU LI/ ZHIYING LI/ WEIWEI WANG

Abstract Hydrogen formed during nitrogen fixation in legumes can enter the surrounding soil and confer multiple benefits to crops. Here, we used Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021, whose genome was sequenced in 2001, as a model bacterium to study the relationship between the bacterium and legume. We investigated the effects of hydrogen on the gene expression in S. meliloti using RNA-sequencing technology. We identified 43 genes whose expression was altered by hydrogen treatment; among these, 39 were do(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-006

Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of β-caryophyllene on Bacillus cereus

CHEW-LI MOO/ SHUN-KAI YANG/ MOHD-AZURAIDI OSMAN/ MOHD HAFIS YUSWAN/ JIUN-YAN LOH/ WEI-MENG LIM/ SWEE-HUA-ERIN LIM/ KOK-SONG LAI

Abstract Natural products such as essential oils (EOs) are secondary metabolites that can be obtained from either plant or animal sources or produced by microorganisms. Much attention has been given to exploring the use of secondary metabolites as natural antibacterial agents. This study investigates the antibacterial activity and mechanism of β-caryophyllene, a compound that can be found in various EOs, against Bacillus cereus. The minimum inhibitory concentration of β-caryophyllene against B. (..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-007

High Flocculation of Coal Washing Wastewater Using a Novel Bioflocculant from Isaria cicadae GZU6722

XIAO ZOU/ JIALONG SUN/ JUAN LI/ YANLONG JIA/ TANGFU XIAO/ FANLI MENG/ MAOSHENG WANG/ ZENGPING NING

Abstract Chanhua (Isaria cicadae) was known as a rare entomogenous fungus with various pharmacological activities since a long time ago in China, which has attracted considerable attention. However, less knowledge was maintained about its products as potential bioflocculants. In this work, a bioflocculant IC-1 produced by Isaria cicadae GZU6722, consisted mainly of protein (4%) and polysaccharides including neutral sugars (52.75%) and galacturonic acid (38.14%), was characterized. It presented h(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-008

Isolation and Identification of Chlamydia abortus from Aborted Ewes in Sulaimani Province, Northern Iraq

EMAN DHAHIR ARIF/ NAHLA MUHAMMAD SAEED/ SHWAN KAMAL RACHID

Abstract Abortion in small ruminants is a significant problem in Iraq and causes severe economic losses in sheep farms. Chlamydia abortus causes enzootic abortion in ewes and is associated with reproductive problems in sheep in Sulaimani province – Northern Iraq. During a lambing season in 2017, abortion was widespread among several sheep flocks in different regions of Sulaimani (Kalar, Said Sadiq, and Chamchamal), and C. abortus was one of the causes. Accordingly, we carried out this study to i(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-009

Resensitization of Fluconazole-Resistant Urinary Candida spp. Isolates by Amikacin through Downregulation of Efflux Pump Genes

EVA A. EDWARD/ NELLY M. MOHAMED/ AZZA S. ZAKARIA

Abstract The contribution of fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. isolates to urinary tract infections in Egypt has become a nationwide problem. A recent approach to overcome such disaster is combining conventional antifungals with non-antifungals. This study investigated the interaction of amikacin with fluconazole against resistant Candida strains isolated from the urine culture of patients admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital. Among the collected Candida spp. isolates, 42.9% were res(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-010

Low Occurrence of Acinetobacter baumannii in Gulls and Songbirds

ANDŻELINA ŁOPIŃSKA/ PIOTR INDYKIEWICZ/ EVELYN SKIEBE/ YVONNE PFEIFER/ JANJA TRČEK/ LESZEK JERZAK/ PIOTR MINIAS/ JACEK NOWAKOWSKI/ MATEUSZ LEDWOŃ/ JACEK BETLEJA/ GOTTFRIED WILHARM

Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is a worldwide occurring nosocomial pathogen, the natural habitats of which remain to be defined. Recently, white stork nestlings have been described as a recurring source of A. baumannii. Here, we challenged the hypothesis of a general preference of A. baumannii for avian hosts. Taking advantage of campaigns to ring free-living birds, we collected cloacal swab samples from 741 black-headed gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) in Poland, tracheal and cloacal swabs (..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-011

Bacterial Diversity in Roots, Stems, and Leaves of Chinese Medicinal Plant Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis

TIAN-HAO LIU/ YIN ZHOU/ WEN-CONG TAO/ YANG LIU/ XIAO-MEI ZHANG/ SHOU-ZHENG TIAN

Abstract The root of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, a famous and endangered traditional Chinese herb, has a significant medicinal value. The aim of this study was to analyze the composition and functional characteristics of bacterial endophytes in roots, stems, and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and functional prediction of bacterial endophytes in roots, stems, and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were conducted. The Chao and Shannon indices of(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-012

Oligotrophic Nitrification and Denitrification Bacterial Communities in a Constructed Sewage Treatment Ecosystem and Nitrogen Removal of Delftia tsuruhatensis NF4

RUILAN YANG/ JING LI/ LUYAO WEI-XIE/ LIN SHAO

Abstract Oligotrophic nitrifiers and denitrifiers play important roles in the removal of nitrogen from wastewater. Here, we studied the dominant bacterial populations of the sewage treatment ecosystem (STE) water from different processes and those of culture on oligotrophic heterotrophic nitrification (OHN) medium and oligotrophic aerobic denitrification (OAD) medium, using co-analysis of Illumina HiSeq DNA sequencing and traditional culture methods. The results showed that the STE water had no (..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-013

Direct Fermentative Hydrogen Production from Cellulose and Starch with Mesophilic Bacterial Consortia

ROMAN ZAGRODNIK/ KRYSTYNA SEIFERT

Abstract Hydrogen produced from lignocellulose biomass is deemed as a promising fuel of the future. However, direct cellulose utilization remains an issue due to the low hydrogen yields. In this study, the long-term effect of inoculum (anaerobic sludge) heat pretreatment on hydrogen production from untreated cellulose and starch was evaluated during repeated batch processes. The inoculum pretreatment at 90°C was not sufficient to suppress H2 consuming bacteria, both for starch and cellulose. Alt(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-015

Sub-lethal Concentrations of Phytochemicals (Carvacrol and Oregano) Select for Reduced Susceptibility Mutants of Escherichia coli O23:H52

AFNAN A. AL-MNASER/ MARTIN J. WOODWARD

Abstract In vitro studies aimed at studying the mechanism of action of carvacrol and oregano as natural anti-bacterial agents to control multiple antibiotic-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain O23:H52 isolated from chicken were performed. Derivatives with increased minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) to the phytochemicals were selected after growing Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain O23:H52 at sub-lethal concentrations of carvacrol and oregano for a period of 60 days. W(..)

DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-003

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