Postępy Mikrobiologii - Advancements of Microbiology Articles Volume 59 Issue 3

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Postępy Mikrobiologii - Advancements of Microbiology

Polish Society of Microbiologists

Subject: Microbiology

ISSN: 0079-4252
eISSN: 2545-3149

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VOLUME 59 , ISSUE 3 (Oct 2020) - List of articles

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SARS-COV-2 AND BETACORONAVIRUS: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED IN 8 MONTHS?

Agnieszka Kwiatek/ Monika Adamczyk-Popławska

Abstract In 2019, a new human pandemic coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China. We present the knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The SARS-CoV-2 is similar to other coronaviruses, nevertheless, differences were observed. Cell entry of SARS-CoV-2 is facilitated by cleavage of spike protein by furin. The receptor-binding motif of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein forms a larger binding interface and more contacts with host receptor ACE2 compared those of in SARS-CoV. Unl(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.14

Published Online: 12-October-2020

COVID-19 THERAPY: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED IN 8 MONTHS?

Monika Adamczyk-Popławska/ Agnieszka Kwiatek

Abstract SARS-CoV-2, a novel pathogenic human coronavirus, emerged in December of 2019 in Wuhan (Hubei province, China). In most cases, the infection causes a mild to moderate respiratory illness. However, a undefined group of infected may develop a severe or critical illness: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and many other complications. Current efforts are focused on limiting the spread of the virus in the population. COVID-19 treatments are i(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.15

Published Online: 12-October-2020

COVID-19 – DISEASE CAUSED BY SARS-COV-2 INFECTION – VACCINE AND NEW THERAPIES RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT

Elżbieta Nowakowska/ Sylwia Sulimiera Michalak

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a new infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). In February 2020 WHO renamed the disease to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Coronaviruses belong to the family of Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales. Scientists have visualized the appearance of the SARS-CoV-2 using microscopic techniques, which has a crown-like shape and contains four structural proteins – S, E, M and N. ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) is a re(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.16

Published Online: 12-October-2020

MICROBIOLOGICAL CAUSES OF DEFECTS IN FETAL DEVELOPMENT AND MISCARRIAGE

Dominik M. Matusiak

Abstract During pregnancy many agents can be teratogenic i.e. can be dangerous for embryo or fetus and cause differentiated adverse effects. Teratogenic agents include substances (e.g. many pharmaceuticals, mycotoxins – e.g. aflatoxins and ochratoxin A), radiation (e.g. X/RTG, γ) and infectious agents. The latter include bacteria (e.g. Listeria monocytogenes, Treponema pallidum), protozoa (e.g. Toxoplasma gondii) and viruses (e.g. ZIKV, parvovirus B19, herpesviruses: CMV, HSV, VZV). Quite a few (..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.17

Published Online: 12-October-2020

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES

Beata Mazińska/ Waleria Hryniewicz

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered as one of the most important threats for public health with global dimensions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the causes and consequences of antimicrobial resistance and the actions which should be taken in order to reduce this threat. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics are believed to be responsible for the emergence of resistant pathogens. These occur not only in human medicine but also in veterinary medicine, animal husbandry and plant(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.18

Published Online: 12-October-2020

ROLE OF TWO-COMPONENT SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION SYSTEMS IN ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF GRAM-NEGATIVE PATHOGENS

Adrianna Raczkowska/ Karolina Jaworska/ Łukasz Wyrożemski/ Katarzyna Brzostek

Abstract Two-component signal transduction systems composed of histidine sensor kinase and response regulator are involved in adaptive response of pathogenic bacteria to environmental signals by regulating gene expression involved in many physiological processes, bacterial virulence, and antibiotic resistance (antibacterial compounds). Antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. The paper describes a signal transduction mechanism ba(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.19

Published Online: 12-October-2020

BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF LACTOFERRIN ON THE MICROBIOTA FROM GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

Jolanta Artym/ Michał Zimecki

Abstract Our organism is colonized by trillions of symbiotic bacteria. The most numerous and varied bacterial population colonizes colon, upper respiratory airways and urogenital system. They act multidirectionally supporting our health. Symbiotic microbiota helps in acquirement of nutrients, regulates action of the immune system protecting mucosa and whole organism against pathogens, neutralizes some xenobiotics, thus acts as a preventive measure against carcinogenic mutations. This beneficial (..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.20

Published Online: 12-October-2020

SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE VAR. BOULARDII PROBIOTIC YEASTS AS ETIOLOGICAL AGENTS OF OPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN HUMANS

Katarzyna Roeske/ Aleksandra Zasuń/ Justyna Cieślik/ Marta Wróblewska/ Tomasz Jagielski

Abstract S. cerevisiae var. boulardii yeasts, historically recognized as a separate species, are now considered a subspecies of S. cerevisiae. Strains of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii are widely used for prevention and treatment of disorders of human digestive system. The use of preparations based on S. cerevisiae var. boulardii impacts the functioning of the intestinal barrier, which leads to a change in the composition of the digestive tract microbiota and alleviates intestinal epithelial defec(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.21

Published Online: 12-October-2020

MONITORING OF ANTIMICROBIAL CONSUMPTION – AIM, METHODOLOGY AND USE

Anna Olczak-Pieńkowska/ Waleria Hryniewicz

Abstract Monitoring of antibiotic consumption is one of the basic tools of the strategies to combat antibiotic resistance, is an integral part of the antibiotic stewardships and helps to ensure the rational antibiotic therapy. It is used to describe the structure and dynamics of antibacterials usage. The defined daily dose (DDD) methodology and ATC (anatomical, therapeutic and chemical) classification used in the monitoring programs determine the reliability of the analyzed data and enable the c(..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.22

Published Online: 12-October-2020

APPLICATION OF THE MALDI-TOF MS TECHNIQUE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF DERMATOPHYTES

Sebastian Gnat/ Dominik Łagowski/ Aneta Nowakiewicz

Abstract The MALDI-TOF MS method is a new technique, which is being increasingly used in clinical laboratories for identification of microorganisms. The wide interest in this method has been aroused by its high accuracy, instantaneous identification results, and relatively low cost of analyses. However, the application of this technique for identification of dermatophytes poses difficulties. They are caused by the natural biological complexity of filamentous fungi, very slow growth of cultures, (..)

DOI: 10.21307/PM-2020.59.3.23

Published Online: 12-October-2020

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