Chest and lung ultrasound in childhood: applications, role, value and limitations

Michael Riccabona/ Eoghan Laffan

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0040

Sonoelastographic evaluation for benign neck lymph nodes and parathyroid lesions

Namik Kemal Altinbas/ Cemil Yagci

Abstract Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of real-time strain sonoelastography for comparison of perithyroidal lymph nodes of Hashimoto thyroiditis patients, jugular lymph nodes of healthy individuals and parathyroid lesions. Material and methods: Fifty parathyroid lesions (Group 1), 52 lymph nodes in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients (Group 2) and 51 reactive jugular lymph nodes (Group 3) were examined by ultrasound, and elastography was performed for a total of 95 patient(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0041

Published Online: 30-January-2019

Ultrasonographic study of the incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in Nnewi population

Lotanna Somtoo Akudu/ Ukoha Ukoha Ukoha/ Jervas Ekezie/ Chinwe Clarice Ukoha

Abstract Introduction: Ultrasound is the most reliable imaging modality for thyroid evaluation due to the limitations in the clinical examination of this gland. Thyroid gland developmental anomalies are rare. Most of its variations are due to the persistence of the thyroglossal duct and the absence of the isthmus. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in Nnewi population using ultrasound. Materials and method: A total of 321 su(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0042

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Serum TSH level in obese children and its correlations with atherogenic lipid indicators and carotid intima media thickness

Małgorzata Rumińska/ Ewelina Witkowska-Sędek/ Anna Majcher/ Michał Brzewski/ Monika Krawczyk/ Beata Pyrżak

Abstract Objective: Moderately elevated level of thyroid-stimulating hormone accompanied by normal serum concentrations of free thyroxine, suggesting subclinical hypothyroidism, is the most common hormonal abnormality in obese children. Controversy remains, whether a thyroid dysfunction related to obesity has an influence on the cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the study was to assess correlation between thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine and chosen atherogenic lipid indicator(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0043

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Multifocal fatty liver disease, insulin resistance and carotid atherosclerosis: exploring the interrelated relationship

Amr Shaaban Hanafy/ Sherief Abd-Elsalam/ Ayman F. Ahmed/ Mohammed M. Dawoud

Abstract Introduction: Multifocal fatty liver infiltrations are not uncommon ultrasonographic finding; they are explained by the presence of aberrant vascular supply independent of the portal circulation or insulin resistance. Aim: To study the significance of this ultrasonographic finding. Methods: A study group (n = 96) with multifocal fatty liver and two control groups: healthy subjects (n = 100) and patients with diffuse fatty liver disease (n = 100) were enrolled. They were tested for fasti(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0044

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Comparison of postpartum sonographic findings after uneventful vaginal and cesarean section deliveries

Isil Uzun Cilingir/ Cenk Sayin/ Havva Sutcu/ Ebru Alici/ Cihan Inan/ Selen Erzincan/ Cem Yener/ Fusun Varol

Abstract Objective: To prospectively determine the sonographic findings of the postpartum uterus 24 hours after vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Methods: Women who had uneventful vaginal delivery or cesarean section from July 2015 to May 2018 in a tertiary care hospital were prospectively included. Uterine lengths, endometrium, amout of free fluid, the distance between the uterine fundus-promontorium and uterine fundus-L5 were evaluated 24 hours after delivery. Results: The mean (min–max) (..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0045

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Comparison of high resolution ultrasonography with clinical findings in patients with ankle pain

Kunwarpal Singh/ Chuni Lal Thukral/ Kamlesh Gupta/ Avtar Singh

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of high resolution ultrasonography for the assessment of painful ankle joint as compared with the clinical findings. Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 136 patients having history of ankle pain and referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging for ultrasonography. Statistical analysis: Comparison of ultrasonography findings and clinical findings was done using McNemar Test. Results: (..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0046

Published Online: 31-January-2019

The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of occult scaphoid fractures

Mohammed Ali/ Mujtaba Ali/ Ahmed Mohamed/ Syed Mannan/ Farshid Fallahi

Abstract Background: Ultrasonography is widely utilized by emergency physicians and radiologists to diagnose various orthopaedic diseases, including fractures. We aim to derive a definitive estimate of the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in clinically suspected scaphoid fractures. Methods: We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of included diagnostic cohort studies that discussed the use of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of occult scaphoid fractures. We searched the National(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0047

Published Online: 31-January-2019

The use of ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injections in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review of the literature

Mohammed Ali/ Ahmed Mohamed/ Hussam Elamin Ahmed/ Ajay Malviya/ Ismael Atchia

Abstract Purpose: This review aims to determine whether ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injection has any role in improving clinical outcomes in patients with hip osteoarthritis. Methods: A search of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence database using the Healthcare Databases Advanced Search tool was conducted. The PubMed database was also utilised to search the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica database, Cumulative Index of Nursing (..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0048

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Recommendations for ultrasonographic assessment of renal arteries

Anna Drelich-Zbroja/ Maryla Kuczyńska/ Łukasz Światłowski/ Anna Szymańska/ Michał Elwertowski/ Agnieszka Marianowska

Abstract The present clinical practice recommendations are addressed to physicians of all specialties, who perform Doppler ultrasound examinations of the kidneys on a daily basis, and in particular to specialists in radiology and imaging diagnostics. The recommendations were based on the Ultrasonography Standards of the Polish Ultrasound Society and current scientific reports consistent with Evidence Based Medicine. The paper discusses patient preparation protocol, examinat ion technique with pa(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0049

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Recommendations for ultrasound examination in ophthalmology. Part I: Ultrabiomicroscopic examination

Jacek Kosmala/ Iwona Grabska-Liberek/ Rimvydas Stanislovas Ašoklis

Abstract Range of ultrasounds used in medical imaging is between 2 and 80 MHz. The highest frequencies are applied in medical imaging of an anterior segment of an eyeball. This paper covers the newest method of ultrasound imaging – an ultrabiomicroscopic examination. Its name reflects resolution which has so far been unavailable, and which allows for imaging a structure of the examined tissues. The article includes basic information about the structure and principles of operation of ultrabiomicr(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0050

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Recommendations for ultrasound examination in ophthalmology. Part II: Orbital ultrasound

Małgorzata Karolczak-Kulesza/ Małgorzata Rudyk/ Magdalena Niestrata-Ortiz

Abstract Pathological processes within the orbits are a heterogeneous group of diseases of various etiologies, clinical pictures and therapy models. Due to poor access to the orbits in a clinical examination, imaging plays a significant role in both diagnosis and treatment monitoring in patients with an orbital pathology. One of such imaging modalities is ultrasonography. It is relatively well-available, rapid and safe for the patient. This paper enumerates indications for an orbital ultrasound (..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0051

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Heterotopic pregnancy – how easily you can go wrong in diagnosing? A case study

Michał Ciebiera/ Aneta Słabuszewska-Jóźwiak/ Kornelia Zaręba/ Grzegorz Jakiel

Abstract Introduction: Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare, but potentially life-threatening pathology. The diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy is still one of the biggest challenges in modern gynecology. The incidence of those pregnancies in natural conception is about 1:30000. Case presentation: We present an unusual case of a heterotopic pregnancy which was misdiagnosed in the first trimester as a dichorionic twin pregnancy. At 13 weeks of gestation, the patient presented with an acute abdomen, sh(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0052

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Iodinated contrast-induced sialadenitis: a review of the literature and sonographic findings in a clinical case

Antonio Lucarelli/ Simone Perandini/ Alessandro Borsato/ Endrit Strazimiri/ Stefania Montemezzi

Abstract Swelling of the salivary glands, also known as iodide or iodine mumps, is a rare adverse reaction to administration of iodine, a component steadily present in current contrast media and in a variety of medications. We report and compare with published literature the clinical and sonographic findings in a case of iodide mumps that developed after the intravenous administration of iodine-based contrast media for a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan. The exact pathogenesis is unkno(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0053

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Portal vein tumor thrombus from gastric cancer

Sidney Ching Liang Ong/ Santha Kumari Batumaly/ Suryani Md Jusoh

Abstract A 53-year-old woman presented with left-sided abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for the past 3 months with associated loss of appetite and weight. On physical examination, there was a large, ill-defined, firm mass at the epigastrium. Ultrasonography showed heterogeneously hypoechoic filling defect within the dilated main portal vein. The filling defect showed florid signals on Doppler mode and it appeared to be an extension of a larger periportal mass. Contrast enhanced abdominal comp(..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0054

Published Online: 31-January-2019

Two case reports of synchronous unilateral pleomorphic adenoma and cystadenolymphoma of the parotid gland with literature review

Daniela Heine/ Johannes Zenk/ Georgios Psychogios

Abstract Background: Synchronous unilateral tumors in the parotid glands account for less than 5–10% of all salivary gland neoplasms. Mostly these are cystadenolymphomas, but tumors of different histological types can be found as well. In these cases it is often pleomorphic adenoma in combination with cystadenolymphoma. Ultrasound is the first choice imaging modality. Case report: We present two patients with two simultaneous tumors in a unilateral parotid gland. In each case, B-mode ultrasound (..)

DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0055