research-article
found in the literature that air-entraining agent highly increases frost resistance of concrete [2]. However, the price of air-entraining agent is high compared to the total price of concrete. Besides that, air-entraining agents have negative effect on the compressive strength of concrete and usage is not allowed in case of some application area [3]. Another solution is the application of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs, like metakaolin and silica-fume), which lowers the porosity of the
Zoltán GYURKÓ,
Anna SZIJÁRTÓ,
Mohammed ABED,
Rita NEMES
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 2, 59–64
Article
The utilization of pozzolanic materials like metakaolin (MK) in cement mortar and concrete is growing in construction industry all around the world to reduce the CO2 release into the atmosphere and reduce energy consumption. This study instigates the performance of concrete containing locally developed metakaolin in terms of workability, unit weight, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity and drying shrinkage of concrete. The Portland cement (PC) is replaced by inclusion of developed
Abdullah SAAND,
Manthar Ali KEERIO,
Daddan khan BANGWAR
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 2, 115–122
Article
The use of low-ionic-strength saline (LISS) solution as an enhancement for antibody screening and crossmatching was first described by Löw and Messeter in 1974. This method allowed for a reduced incubation time while maintaining adequate specificity and sensitivity of the antiglobulin test (AGT). Since then, the LISS-AGT tube method has been widely used in antibody detection and identification, as well as compatibility testing. As initially described, the method used red blood cells
LeeAnn Walker
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 57–60
research-article
improvement effect of a soft fine grained soil with the use of fly ash or cement kiln dust based on unconfined compressive strength has been discussed widely in literature (i.a. [1–9]) and is still a subject of scientific interest. Unconfined compressive strength tests commonly used in the field of building materials enable the assessment of strength gain due to chemical reactions ongoing in the presence of binders. From geotechnical point of view this type of test does not reflect the real stress state
Karolina KNAPIK-JAJKIEWICZ,
Grzegorz GAJ,
Adrian KOWALSKI,
Sandra PRĘDKA
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 79–86
Article
considered as references, while the others were reinforced with GFRP bars. The specimens were made using normal and high strength concrete. All specimens showed similarity in the structural behavior and load pattern, the results show that Steel reinforced walls have 28% higher ultimate load than corresponding GFRP reinforced walls, also an approximate linear increase in the failure load with increasing in flexural GFRP reinforcement in range from 40.4% to 98.8% for NSC walls and in range of 70% to 115.1
Yaarub Gatia ABTAN,
Hassan Falah HASSAN
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 2, 55–63
Article
Artur NOWOŚWIAT,
Przemysław KNAP
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 2, 93–104
research-article
. The hot-rolled flat sheets have the minimum mill-guaranteed yield strength of Remin = 235 MPa [22]. Remin is determined merely on the basis of investigations into steel samples that were conducted prior to corrugation. Steel sheets with the yield strength lower than 235 MPa are rejected. The manufacturer of corrugated webs ensures that the yield strength is Re = 215 MPa [16]. That corresponds to design strength fd for structural components made of St3SX steel with the thickness below 16 mm acc
Witold BASIŃSKI,
Zbigniew KOWAL
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 3, 65–77
research-article
on request. The guaranteed yield strength of delivered hot rolled flat steel sheet known as the specified minimum Remin equals to 235, 275 or 355 MPa [10]. Remin is determined only on the basis of tests conducted on steel specimens. Steel sheets with yield strength below the minimum value are rejected from the production. The guaranteed yield strength Remin should be lower than yield strength of flat sheets obtained as the result of testing mechanical properties [11, 12]. This value at the same
Witold BASIŃSKI
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 4, 47–60
research-article
1.
INTRODUCTION
Solid rocks with low porosity, low absorption and high strength are used as raw materials for the production of coarse crushed aggregates suitable for structural concretes. Due to the deficiency of aggregates of that type in Poland as well as not central location of their beds crushed aggregates made from some low porosity sedimentary rocks: limestone-dolomite carbonate rocks, sandstones and especially quartzite sandstone have been used since the sixties [1]. Although natural
Wojciech PIASTA,
Waldemar BUDZYŃSKI,
Jacek GÓRA
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 3, 97–105
research-article
absorption capability and stiffness of the material, however it also increases the tensile as well as the flexural strength of concrete. Concrete is the most versatile material used for construction. Construction activities deplete large amount of natural resources causing harmful effects to the environment. Depletion of natural resources has captivated to recycle wastes of any materials into a useful product. Many researchers have worked on recycling the road material of construction and demolished
Salim KHOSO,
Muhammad Tayyab NAQASH,
Sadaf SHER,
Zeeshan SAEED
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 73–80
research-article
1.
INTRODUCTION
Superplasticizers are currently the largest group of admixtures used in concrete technology. As reported by the statistics, in the last few years the consumption of this type of admixtures in the world has been constantly increasing and constitutes over 25% of the entire market. These admixtures were used in prefabrication (obtaining low coefficients of the rapid growth of strength), in ready-mixed concrete (long-term consistency of the mixture), as well as ensured the
Beata ŁAŹNIEWSKA-PIEKARCZYK
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 4, 61–71
Article
The problem of monolithic behavior of a metal pipe and fiberglass safety cage has been considered in the article. The prestressed case does not only decrease the deformability of a pipe on-load but it also protects metal from corrosion. The ability to withstand the arising stresses has been investigated for both strip fiberglass reinforcement and the whole construction. It has been shown that the deformability of fiberglass depends on the kind of binder. The maximum strength value has been
Liudmyla TRYKOZ,
Svetlana KAMCHATNAYA,
Oksana PUSTOVOITOVA,
Armen ATYNIAN
Transport Problems , ISSUE 1, 69–79
Research Article
We discuss five scaling-related issues in robotics and robotic systems. They are unified by an understanding of the fundamental engineering constraints imposed by the essentially fixed fundamental strength of materials and the essentially fixed practical density at which energy can be stored. These constraints have profound effects on when big bodies are in danger of collapsing under their own weight and when small bodies are in danger of running out of fuel. The section on strength provides a
Mel Siegel
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 1, 285–299
research-article
can be one possible way to replace the corrodible steel reinforcement. FRP bars have various advantageous properties, such as high tensile strength and resistance to electrochemical corrosion [8].
To manufacture FRP bars different fibres (glass, carbon, aramid and basalt) are used. Fibres are bound together with diverse resins (e.g., polyester, vinyl ester and epoxy). Mechanical properties as well as the surface profile of FRP bars can be considerably different from that of the conventional steel
Sandor SOLYOM,
Matteo DI BENEDETTI,
Anna SZIJÁRTÓ,
György L. BALÁZS
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 2, 79–88
Research Article
Summary. The article presents the results of numerical analysis whose aim was to compare the basic dynamic and strength parameters of lightweight load-carrying crane structures made of aluminium alloys and steel. The analysis covered the typical construction of workshop cranes with a span of 3 to 5 meters, girders in the form of an I-beam and maximum load capacities amounting to 5 tons. The values of stresses, deflections and natural frequencies were compared and then matched with the masses of
Damian GĄSKA,
Tomasz HANISZEWSKI
Transport Problems , ISSUE 3, 13–20
research-article
conventional shear reinforcement in prefabricated beams for industrial halls. The concept of using fibres as reinforcement is not new, they have been used as reinforcement since ancient times. Fibres are usually used to increase ductile behaviour of concrete, control cracking due to plastic and drying shrinkage, reduce bleeding of water and permeability of concrete, and produce a better resistance against dynamic impacts. Generally, fibres do not increase the flexural strength of concrete beams, however
Kálmán KORIS,
István BÓDI
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 81–88
research-article
1.
INTRODUCTION
According to the increasing demand of suitable soils under different types of foundation in the geotechnical engineering projects, many researchers try to find the best type of additives to enhance the strength of soils and to improve its mechanical properties. It is a big challenge to define the stress–strain behavior of the soil because it is complex and nonlinear. Young’s modulus (E) and the shear modulus (G) of the soil are not constant; it may significantly change with the
Maiasa MLHEM
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 97–104
research-article
considered as nano-reinforcement with remarkable mechanical properties or fillers reducing the porosity of cement composites [2]. Numerous exciting nanomaterials were incorporated into cement matrix up to date, including nano-silica [3, 4], nano-alumina [5], nano-titania [6], nano-clay particles [7] or carbon nanotubes [8, 9]. Depending on the chosen material, the addition of nanoparticles may lead to the improvement of both composite strength [3, 5, 7–9] and corrosion resistance [3], the nucleation of
Małgorzata KRYSTEK
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 91–96
Article
suspended in MTS2. Only 6 of 28 anti-E were reactive with E-positive Ortho 0.8% reagent RBCs. Five anti-E were tested in gel with five R2R2 RBCs that had been washed and resuspended in four low-ionic-strength diluents. Fiftyeight percent of tests performed in MTS2 were positive compared to 13 to 41 percent for the other diluents. Anti-E detection also varied from 6 to 56 percent based on the donor of the RBCs. Seven anti-E were characterized by their reactvity in tube techniques and were reactive using
Dania D. Yaskanin,
Janice L. Jakway,
David J. Ciavarella
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 142–146
Article
The aim of this paper is to introduce a new quasi Sujatha distribution (NQSD), of which the following are particular cases: the Sujatha distribution devised by Shanker (2016 a), the sizebiased Lindley distribution, and the exponential distribution. Its moments and momentsbased measures are derived and discussed. Statistical properties, including the hazard rate and mean residual life functions, stochastic ordering, mean deviations, Bonferroni and Lorenz curves and stress-strength reliability
Rama Shanker,
Kamlesh Kumar Shukla
Statistics in Transition New Series , ISSUE 3, 53–71
Research Article
Existing researches on location tracking focus either entirely on indoor or entirely on outdoor by using different devices and techniques. Several solutions have been proposed to adopt a single location sensing technology that fits in both situations. This paper aims to track a user position in both indoor and outdoor environments by using a single wireless device with minimal tracking error. RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) technique together with enhancement algorithms is proposed
Erin-Ee-Lin Lau,
Boon-Giin Lee,
Seung-Chul Lee,
Wan-Young Chung
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 2, 534–548
research-article
recycled process could be found. The fibers were added to SCC matrix with the high volume fraction (Vf) equal to 1.0% and 1.5% which is the dosage weight of 80 kg/m3 and 120 kg/m3, respectively. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of high volume content of RSF in concrete, paying attention to their impact on rheological parameters of concrete.
Table 2.
Properties of fibers from end-of-life tires
Length [mm]
2÷30
Diameter [mm]
0.15 ± 5%
Tensile strength [MPa]
≥ 2850
Małgorzata PAJĄK
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 105–113
Report
Indirect antiglobulin test-crossmatch (IAT-XM) using enhancement media such as low-ionic-strength saline (LISS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) usually requires 15 minutes of incubation. These methods are necessary when testing samples from blood recipients who have a higher risk of alloimmunization. In emergency situations, IAT-XM can be time-consuming and can influence presurgery routine, resulting in more red blood cell (RBC) units being tested and stored to avoid the transfusion of
Carla Luana Dinardo,
Sílvia Leão Bonifácio,
Alfredo Mendrone Júnior
Immunohematology , ISSUE 1, 1–5
Article
A light weight, simple design NMR apparatus consists of 24 identical magnets arranged in Halbach array was designed and built. The homogeneity of the magnetic field B0 can be improved by dividing a long magnets into several rings. The size of the useful volume depends on both the gap between each ring and some others shim magnets. Our aim is to enhance the sensitive volume and to maintain the highest magnetic static field (B0). This apparatus generates a B0 field strength of about 0.1 T. This
Hung Dang Phuc,
Patrick Poulichet,
Tien Truong Cong,
Abdennasser Fakri,
Christophe Delabie,
Latifa Fakri-Bouchet
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 4, 1555–1578
research-article
1.
INTRODUCTION
By growing population and lack of appropriate soils, many civil engineering projects have to be constructed on weak soils, which have a great potential of failure due to low strength and high compressibility of underlying soil. Therefore, various improvement methods such as physical stabilization [1, 2], chemical stabilization [3–6], reinforcement with fibers [7, 8] and geotextile [9, 10] are utilized. Polypropylene fibers are cheap and strong against different environmental
Ali HASANZADEH
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 3, 81–92
Research Article
Brake lines are tested for strength and durability. However, tests of strength are short-term, but tests of durability are durable, since their aim is to assess the effectiveness of the brake linings during operation. Therefore, reduction of time evaluating the durability of brake linings exploitation is urgent. The article describes the results of the research on the longevity of the brake linings of different types of vehicles based on their controllable operation and the method of
Sergey TUJRIN,
Grigory BOYKO,
Alexander REVIN,
Vitaliy FEDOTOV
Transport Problems , ISSUE 2, 75–81
Article
The paper presents the possibilities of using light alloy components in vehicle construction. Material 6082 was chosen for use in responsible structural components. The structure and strength parameters of the material in the delivery state were tested. Tested material parameters were compared with normative requirements. The purpose of the paper is to check the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welded joints by various processes and parameters. Until now, welding of 6082 alloy did not
Bożena SZCZUCKA-LASOTA,
Tomasz WĘGRZYN,
Adam JUREK
Transport Problems , ISSUE 3, 67–78
Research Article
Fuzzy controllers with variable universe of discourse (VUD) have been applied in many fields of intelligent controlling because of their high-accuracy performance. This paper provides a lookup table method to design backing-up fuzzy controllers based on VUD. By setting a set of random start points, input–output data pairs are obtained using test-driving method. One data pair defines one fuzzy rule and also assigns the strength of every fuzzy rule. Conflicting fuzzy rule groups are integrated
Zuqiang Long,
Wen Long,
Yan Yuan,
Xiaobo Yi
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 2, 505–522
Article
Amanda J Sweeney
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 72–77
Article
same composition served for reference except for with river sand as fine aggregate instead of slag. The performed tests focused on: compressive and tensile strength (both after 28 days), sorptivity, free water absorption capacity and abrasion resistance. The obtained results showed that the strength and some other tested properties of concretes with copper slag as sand replacement were similar or even better than that of the control mixtures.
Wojciech KUBISSA,
Roman JASKULSKI,
Tamás SIMON
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 3, 89–94
research-article
.
The main concern for the use of waste glass (WG) in the production of concrete is the Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR), which has a negative impact on the strength and durability of concrete [48, 50, 51, 52]. ASR occurs in concrete, in the presence of sufficient moisture, between highly alkaline cement paste and reactive amorphous (non-crystalline) silica present in the WG. The ASR produces alkali-silica hygroscopic gel, which negatively affects the concrete matrix. It can absorb water and expand to
Brwa OMER,
Jalal SAEED
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 4, 61–75
Article
Tomasz HANISZEWSKI
Transport Problems , ISSUE 3, 131–142
Article
This article presents the design of various mechanisms, the main working element of which is a flexible tubular element. The principle of operation and advantages of flexible elements allowing to create perspective devices and mechanisms are described. The problems of selection of the geometrical parameters of flexible tubular springs and evaluation of the strength characteristics are solved.
Olga BARYSHNIKOVA
Transport Problems , ISSUE 3, 41–48
Article
Nonspecific binding of gamma globulin and complement, resulting in falsely positive indirect antiglobulin tests, has occurred with use of low-ionic strength saline solution (LISS) reagents. These LISS-dependent antibodies have not been described in association with any particular disease state, nor do they have any apparent clinical significance. We present a LISS-dependent antibody with apparent autoanti-U specificity.
J.T. Chiofolo,
M.E. Reid,
D. Charles-Pierre
Immunohematology , ISSUE 1, 18–21
Research Article
Galina KHROMOVA,
Ziyoda MUKHAMEDOVA,
Irina YUTKINA
Transport Problems , ISSUE 1, 93–102
Article
Complement receptor type one (CR1) is a polymorphic glycoprotein, present on red blood cells (RBCs), that carries the Knops blood group system antigens. Since Knops system antigens can vary in strength, we investigated whether CR1 deteriorated upon storage, thus affecting Knops blood group system antigen reactivity. Units of whole blood were collected in CPDA-1 and evaluated at day 0 and day 35 for antigen strength, using routine serologic techniques. CR1 was quantitated by an enzyme-linked
Joann M. Moulds,
L. Lee Brown,
Elizabeth Brukheimer
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 46–50
Article
I.
INTRODUCTION
Powder metallurgy is a processing method where green parts are compacted using dies and get sintered. Sintering offers equivalent strength as a cast iron and superior design flexibility and produces Near-Net-Shaped (NNS) parts at lower costs and it reduces the need for the machining process. Now, sinter brazing is an established joining process for Powder Metal components, and it is often used in the production of automotive applications. A successfully brazed joint relies
Pujan Tripathi,
George Yang
International Journal of Advanced Network, Monitoring and Controls , ISSUE 4, 64–67
Review
The blood group antigen Vel has been one of immunohematology’s greatest enigmas: the variation in antigen strength from one individual to another, the property of anti-Vel to readily hemolyze Vel+ red blood cells (RBCs), and the difficulty to screen for sufficient numbers of Vel– blood donors had made Vel a tough nut to crack. In 2013, a small, previously unknown protein called small integral membrane protein 1 (SMIM1) was identified on the RBC by three independent research groups
Jill R. Storry,
Thierry Peyrard
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 56–59
Research Article
M.Anto Bennet,
J. Narmatha,
B. Pavithra,
P. Suvetha,
A. Sandhyalakshmi
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 5, 258–
research-article
alone. If there is a difference in the strength of homophily between offline and online social networks, studies regarding homophily that examine only the offline or online environment will fail to depict the strength of homophily in a social group. In this study, I aim to reveal the differences in gender homophily among communication media through a case study of a high school classroom.
To address the ‘offline vs. online’ question in a modern setting, it is necessary to consider that nowadays
Naoki Maejima
Connections: The Quarterly Journal , ISSUE 1, 77–97
Report
present study was undertaken. The RBCs of randomly selected subjects were screened with anti-I and anti-i reagents by a saline tube technique at 22°C. Individuals with unusual I and i antigen reactivity patterns were further tested by a semi-quantitative method with a battery of anti-I and anti-i reagents, followed by family studies. Three of the 5864 donors tested showed an elevated strength of i antigen. Further study revealed an intermediate strength of both I and i antigens compared with those
Sanmukh R. Joshi
Immunohematology , ISSUE 1, 11–13
Research paper
Nicholas T. Longford
Statistics in Transition New Series , ISSUE 1, 65–82
research-article
and cross-sections. The surfaces and the cross-sections of the CTS/CL membranes were observed with a JSM-5300LV (JEOL, Japan). A Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis was carried out using a Spectrometer Model 4000 (Shimadzu, Japan) to study the interaction of the composite’s components. The physical properties of the membranes were examined to verify the addition of the treated CF at the different mixing ratio. The swelling degree (SD) and mechanical strength of the membranes were checked
Thi-Cam-Trang TRUONG,
Manh-Ha BUI,
Dang-Khoa NGUYEN,
Takaomi KOBAYASHI
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 163–169
Article
correlation existed between the strength of the DAT reaction and the serum IgG concentration. Several mechanisms that could be responsible for these findings are discussed.
Jerald A. Clark,
Patricia C. Tanley,
Charles H. Wallas
Immunohematology , ISSUE 1, 9–12
Article
This paper is based on the results of an experiment aimed at studying attention distribution and switching among students using a stationary eye-tracking device. The hypothesis was that the operator’s distraction tolerance should be influenced by his or her general mental strength; temperament, which is a derivative of the characteristics of the nervous system; and the level of intelligence, as a general indicator of the state of the nervous system. In addition, the paper discusses the
Olga ARINICHEVA,
Natalia LEBEDEVA,
Aleksei MALISHEVSKII
Transport Problems , ISSUE 4, Part 1, 5–18
Review
. Adsorption may also be performed using enhancement such as low-ionic strength saline or polyethylene glycol added to the mixture. Multiple adsorptions may be necessary to remove strongly reactive autoantibodies. Allogeneic adsorptions will not detect alloantibodies to high-prevalence antigens.
Christina Barron
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 153–155
Article
This paper deals with the various assumptions used in the design and analysis of distributed antenna system (DAS) for trains, tunnels and in-building wireless radio coverage. The design includes handover overlap design, base station connectivity, signal reticulation using splitters, couplers, bi-directional amplifiers, attenuators, discrete antennas, radiating cables and opto-electric couplers etc. It is found that signal strength, noise, intermodulation calculated for the up and down links are
S. K. Palit,
Stuart. Bickerstaff,
Chris Langmaid
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 1, 118–134
Article
Localization schemes have a significant role in wireless sensor networks. During random deployment in an untouched area, the nodes have to be capable of self-management to determine their position. Received Signal Strength (RSS) and DV-Hop, are two different schemes that each have environment or hop dependency problem. Hybrid localization scheme, called H-Loc, is a combination of RSS and DV-Hop method. This scheme is proposed to make the selection of distance determination process based on the
Prima Kristalina,
Wirawan,
Gamantyo Hendrantoro
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 5, 1986–2010
Article
between transport infrastructure and development of transport performance. Research has shown that the strength of the relationship between transport infrastructure and transport performance is different for states. There are strong dependencies as well as strong independent relationships between the transport infrastructure and transport performance.
Jozef GNAP,
Pavol VARJAN,
Pavol ĎURANA,
Mariusz KOSTRZEWSKI
Transport Problems , ISSUE 3, 63–74
Article
This paper focuses on the weldability of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS), commonly used by the automotive industry and civil engineering. These steels have found application in the construction of mobile platforms mounted on vehicles. AHSS significantly outperform other materials when it comes to performance flexibility and mass reduction potential. This article verifies whether the application of micro-jet cooling technology during the welding process might help to overcome these issues
Tomasz WĘGRZYN,
Bożena SZCZUCKA-LASOTA,
Jan PIWNIK,
Adam JUREK
Transport Problems , ISSUE 1, 131–140
Research paper
This paper presents the study of microwave signal attenuation on oil palm trees at 0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz and 2.3 GHz frequencies. The main objective is to investigate the characteristics of propagation phenomenon by analysing the received signal strength. The experiments were made at the estate where there are straight line uniform canopies of mature oil palm trees. The measurements were carried out on the same transmission paths with different number of trees and height at trunk, leaves and fruits
Z. I. Rizman,
K. Jusoff,
S. S. Rais,
H. H. H. Bakar,
G. K. S. Nair,
Y. K. Ho
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 3, 388–401
Article
, a community service organisation. Interviews with study participants showed engagement and adherence and there were positive trends in physical outcome measures supporting this program as a promising approach to enhance strength and balance, ultimately reducing the likelihood of falls in older people with vision impairment.
Lisa Keay, Ph.D., MPH,
Freya Saich, B.Health,
Lindy Clemson, Ph.D.,
Lisa Middlemiss, B.PhysEd/Health Ed., M.Spec.Ed.,
Jacqueline Johnson, B.A., GradDip.Ed., M.Spec.Ed.,
Haley Tumanik, M.Spec.Ed.,
Jessica Taylor, B.Sc., M.Spec.Ed.,
Joanne Munro, B.AppSc (Physio), M.Hlth Sci (Edu),
Ewa Borkowski, M.Spec.Ed.,
Frances Tinsley, DipOT, DipBusiness, M.Sc.
International Journal of Orientation & Mobility , ISSUE 1, 22–33
Article
PEG was added. Rapid recognition of this phenomenon could prevent delay in the selection of blood for transfusion by substituting PEG-indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) with another technique such as low-ionic-strength solution and by increasing the number of washes prior to addition of the antiglobulin reagent.
Jack Hoffer,
William P. Koslosky,
Elizabeth S. Gloster,
Therese M. Dimaio,
Marion E. Reid
Immunohematology , ISSUE 3, 105–107
Article
strength in the welding seams in the roller has also been determined. A parametric analysis is accomplished to determine the influence of the thickness of the base steel and the covering ebonite layer on the perimeter change of the outer surface, taking into account the physical non-linearity of the outer layer.
Yulian ANGELOV,
Ivo DRAGANOV
Transport Problems , ISSUE 3, 97–108
Article
contraction-expansion factors. The method of lookup table was applied to construct the base of fuzzy rules via four typical input instructions, and the method of maximum strength to settle the conflicting rules properly. The experimental results show that the VUD fuzzy controller can be effective in controlling the position of work pieces.
Zuqiang Long,
Yan Yuan,
Yuebing Xu,
Shehui Du
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 3, 1114–1133
Article
Despite the wide use of the antibody detection test for unexpected antibodies, controversy still remains regarding the use of enzymetreated red blood cells. Over a 6-year period, 72,573 samples from 49,863 patients submitted for pretransfusion compatibility testing were examined for unexpected antibodies. The antibody detection tests included a low-ionic-strength solution (LISS) indirect antiglobulin test and a two-stage papain (2SP) test. One thousand and seventy of the 2267 (47%) antibodies
Carmen Martin-Vega,
Dolores Castella,
Joan Cid,
Marta Panadés
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 122–124
Case report
antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays, and no increase in the strength of the antibody during the pregnancy. The newborn infant showed no clinical signs of HDN, and was of normal weight. This case study suggests that anti-Cra is not implicated in HDN.
Anne C. Dickson,
Claire Guest,
Mary Jordon,
Jackie Banks,
Belinda Kumpel
Immunohematology , ISSUE 1, 14–17
Article
P. Raghu Vamsi,
Krishna Kant
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 2, 651–680
Article
, stochastic ordering, mean deviations, Bonferroni and Lorenz curves, and stress-strength reliability have been discussed. Estimation of its parameter has been discussed using the method of maximum likelihood and the method of moments. The applications and goodness of fit of the distribution have been discussed with three real lifetime data sets and the fit has been compared with one-parameter lifetime distributions including Akash, Shanker, Lindley and exponential distributions.
Rama Shanker
Statistics in Transition New Series , ISSUE 3, 391–410
Article
given measure without informing the user of its characteristics. This presents an unnecessary obfuscation for analysts seeking measures that are best suited to the idiosyncrasies of their data, and for those comparing results between programs.
Under such a paradigm, the terms in use within the social network analysis community become less precise over time and diverge from the original strength of network analysis: clarity.
Philip J. Murphy,
Karen T. Cuenco,
YuFei Wang
Connections , ISSUE 1-2, 23–44
Article
We designed a fuzzy controller for ZigBee equipment’s transmission power adaptive adjustment. The controller is based on RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator). It can make a dynamic adjustment on the transmitted power according to the fuzzy control rules. The fuzzy control is suitable to solve the problem which is difficult to deal with in building system mathematical model. What’s more, the fuzzy control system has perfect performance in response speed and antijamming capability. It’s
Zhonghu Yuan,
Wenwu Hua,
Xiaowei Han
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 4, 1736–1752
Article
the gravity of classical physics to image pixel, come up with a mathematical expression for the strength of gravity between pixels, then conformed the adaptive window by the gravity between pixels and performed corresponding filtering processing. It is shown by the experimental results that this algorithm has a great improvement on image denoising and detail preserving when compared with the traditional median filtering and switching median filtering algorithms.
Pengrui Qiu,
Xiping Yuan,
Shu Gan,
Yu Lin
International Journal of Advanced Network, Monitoring and Controls , ISSUE 4, 114–117
research-article
frequencies around 16 kHz. Therefore this study focuses on evaluating the magnitude of the wavelet transform in a frequency range around 16 kHz and tries to correlate this strength with sand flow rate. Also, it can be seen that the strength of the signal at a frequency of 16 kHz changes at various times. For instance, the magnitude of signal at 16 kHz is more in the time domain around 0.5 sec compared with that at 1.5 sec. Note that in this experiment, the ultrasonic signal is recorded for 2 seconds. This
H. Seraj*,
B. Evans,
M. Sarmadivaleh
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 1, 1–13
Research paper
In the present visual psychophysical study, the Oppel-Kundt and and Müller-Lyer illusion magnitudes were measured separately (by single figures) and in combination (by two patterns superposed spatially). Data for 30 subjects revealed extensive variability both for the separate and combined illusion strength. Nevertheless, the effect of addition of the perceived length distortions was established. The combined illusions were significantly stronger than the separate ones. Dynamics of the
Algis Bertulis,
Tadas Surkys,
Arūnas Bielevičius
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis , ISSUE 2, 148–162
Research paper
In this paper, a new type of steel-concrete composite member, concrete-filled core steel tube with outer angle steel plank reinforced concrete stub column, is proposed and a series of nonlinear 3-D(three-dimensional) full-range numerical calculations under axial compression are carried out, some important factors are analyzed, such as the strength of the concrete, the steel tube and the angle steel, the volume ratio of the steel tube and the angle steel to the overall column, position
Jianming Liu
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 2, 548–566
Article
Honeycomb sandwich structures are extensively used in aerospace, aeronautic, marine and automotive industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratios, high energy absorption capability and effective acoustic insulation. Unfortunately, either presence of disbond along the skin-core interface or emergence of disbond due to repeated loading, aging or an intensive load can jeopardize the integrity and safety of the whole structure The current work presents a new array based technique for health
Saurabh Gupta,
Satish B Satpal,
Sauvik Banerjee,
Anirban Guha
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 1, 215–232
research-article
normalized values of selected concrete properties. Meanwhile, the 28-day compressive strength and water sorptivity are chosen for the calculation of PI. It should be noted that the proposed method is flexible and other properties of concrete may be chosen to suit the application needs. As a reference value, the value of 28-day strength is taken as equal to 60 MPa and the sorptivity is taken as equal to 0.120 cm/h0.5. The value of 60 MPa is often the limit of average strength of high quality concretes
Wojciech KUBISSA,
Roman JASKULSKI,
Jiajian CHEN,
Pui-Lam NG,
Wioletta GODLEWSKA,
Pavel REITERMAN
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 97–107
Report
samples run on the Galileo and samples tested by standard manual tube technique using low-ionic-strength saline enhancement showed a false-positive rate of 1.4 percent on the Galileo (defined as a positive screen with a negative panel). Testing using the Echo identified four cases of falsely negative antibody screens, (defined as a negative screen on a patient sample subsequently shown to be positive by the same method). In addition, we note a lack of reproducibility on the Echo, which emphasizes the
Karen Quillen,
James Caron,
Kate Murphy
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 137–139
Article
A recently introduced system for antibody detection (ReACT™) consists of affinity columns (AFC) that contain protein A and protein Gcoated agarose. We compared the ReACT™ system to a conventional tube low-ionic-strength saline antiglobulin test (LISS-AGT). We selected 100 LISS-AGT positive samples with clinically important and benign antibodies of varying strengths and 130 LISS-AGT negative samples to evaluate by the AFC method. AFC tests were positive with all 84 clinically
R. Sue Shirey,
Joan S. Boyd,
Christine Barrasso,
Karen E. King,
Paul M. Ness
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 75–77
research-article
study highlights the need for clear, collaborative and ongoing communication between parents, teachers and EI staff in supporting autistic children during the transition to school. EI staff are recommended to provide support to families and receiving teachers, to develop knowledge and understanding of ASD. Using a strength based approach, harnessing a child’s skills and individualizing the transition process are essential for success.
Nigel Chen,
Scott Miller,
Ben Milbourn,
Melissa H. Black,
Kathryn Fordyce,
Gerdamari Van Der Watt,
Tasha Alach,
Anne Masi,
Grace Frost,
Madonna Tucker,
Valsamma Eapen,
Sonya Girdler
Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology , 91–100
Article
between the incomes of men and women along the two distributions and to evaluate the strength of the influence of personal characteristics on the various parts of the income distributions. As the sample selection is a serious issue for the study, therefore our decomposition approach will be adjusted for sample selection problems. The results suggest not only differences in the income gap along the income distribution (in particular sticky floor and glass ceiling), but also differences in the
Joanna Małgorzata Landmesser
Statistics in Transition New Series , ISSUE 3, 171–186
Article
The growing demand for high-quality statistical data for small areas coming from both the public and private sector makes it necessary to develop appropriate estimation methods. The techniques based on small area models that combine time series and cross-sectional data allow for efficient "borrowing strength" from the entire population and they can also take into account changes over time. In this context, the EBLUP estimation based on multivariate Rao-Yu model, involving both
Alina Jędrzejczak,
Jan Kubacki
Statistics in Transition New Series , ISSUE 4, 725–742
Review
Synaptic plasticity simply put, is the activity-dependent modification of the strength or efficacy of synaptic transmission in the network of synapses in the brain. The role of synaptic plasticity in disease is an active area of research. Changes in plasticity translate to the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse and subsequently, the way humans see the world. It is known that neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD
Katarzyna Stachowicz
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis , ISSUE 3, 210–219
Article
pretransfusion samples were tested as they were received (from May 1998 to December 1999), in 37°C saline and by IAT using the DiaMed gel system. The screening tests were performed using 50 µL of 0.8% low-ionic-strength saline suspended RBCs and 50 µL of plasma. The tests were examined for agglutination and hemolysis. Two hundred and thirty three samples (9.81%) were reactive by IAT and 88 (3.70%) by 37°C saline. All 88 samples reactive by 37°C saline also reacted by IAT. These data
José A. Duran,
Manuel Figueiredo
Immunohematology , ISSUE 1, 13–15
Article
The Transfusion Service at Duke University Hospital has changed antibody detection methods from the use of albumin in indirect antiglobulin tests to low-ionic-strength solution (LISS), and from LISS to polyethylene glycol (PEG) in an effort to enhance the rapid detection of clinically significant antibodies. In 1996, staffing issues required the consideration of automation. Although previous studies indicated that the gel test was not as sensitive as PEG for detection of clinically significant
Martha Rae Combs,
Steven J. Bredehoeft
Immunohematology , ISSUE 3, 86–89
Article
strength to be 2+ (score 8). As expected, the A, B, and D reactions were very stable with red cells stored for 60 days. All antigens except Lea exhibited 2+ (score 8) or greater reactions at day 14, and at day 21 only the Lea, Fyb, and e antigens were less than 2+. On day 60, twelve of twenty-one antigens tested still exhibited 2+ or greater reactions. This study shows that antigen reactivity for red cells collected and stored in EDTA is at least equal to that for clotted specimens. These red
Connie M. Westhoff,
Belva D. Sipherd,
Larry D. Toalson
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 109–111
Article
obtained for the first time. Comparison of those forces with the permitted values, from the point of view of the railway stock strength and eventual vehicle derailment, has been performed. As a result of numerical integration of the system of non-linear differential equations of train motion for the considered driving modes, the values of the greatest longitudinal shock and quasi-static forces, as well as the dependence of the latter on the train length, initial braking velocity, on the algebraic
Oleksandr PSHINKO,
Liudmyla URSULYAK,
Serhii KOSTRYTSIA,
Yevhen FEDOROV,
Anzhela SHVETS
Transport Problems , ISSUE 4, 161–172
Research Article
the welded parts is observed by using metallography method. The mechanical tensile test is carried out for analysing the performance of welding strength. The monitoring results of the plasma intensity by using UV and IR sensor are used for finding the correlation with the results of the mechanical and metallurgical test.
Heeshin Kang,
Jiyeon Choi
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 5, 1–4
Article
(IAT), using a low-ionic-strength additive solution and murine monoclonal polyspecific antiglobulin reagent. Of 57 samples, 40 (22 anti-Bga , 17 anti-Bgb, and 1 Bg-related) were nonreactive by IAT with EGA-treated RBCs and CDP-treated RBCs, 14 (7 anti-Bga, 4 anti-Bgb, and 3 Bg-related) were nonreactive by IAT only with EGA-treated RBCs, none were nonreactive in IAT with only CDP-treated RBCs, and 3 (anti-Bga) were still reactive by IAT with EGA-treated RBCs and CDP-treated RBCs. Therefore, EGA
Kayla D. Champagne,
Peggy Spruell,
Jane Chen,
Leslie Voll,
Gloria Schlanser
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 66–68
Research Article
addition, experimental dynamic (impact) tests are conducted using a pendulum representing a body block (mass). The results provide information about the possible loading of the table on the occupant in the event of a crash. Contact forces are compared with chest and abdominal injury tolerance thresholds to infer the collision injury potential. Recommendations are then made on design of bay tables to meet the “functional-strength-and-safety balance”.
Emmanuel MATSIKA,
Qian PENG
Transport Problems , ISSUE SE, 97–110
Article
information as watermarking, in reducing the original watermark loading and enhance the overall strength of self recovery system. This paper from the working principle, classification of digital watermarking, attack types, performance index, evaluation method and uses six aspects were introduced to the digital watermarking technology. Simulation study of a digital image watermarking algorithm based on DCT transform and Arnold transform, the algorithm's imperceptibility, robustness and security are
Zhu Yuefeng,
Lin Li
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 1, 199–219
Case Study
The Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is home to almost 5,000,000 people and is a major contributor to Saudi Arabia’s economic strength. The area has experienced population growth of about 3.5% per year and rapid urbanization over the past few decades. With this increase in population has come a significant escalation in automobile traffic, which, in turn, has contributed to poor air quality in the province. Two of the major cities in the area were listed on the World
Helen Palmer PETERSON,
Zulfat AL KASSIM
Transport Problems , ISSUE 2, 5–15
Article
agglutination tests. The tube method was carried out using low-ionic-strength solution (LISS). The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was performed using the tube method, and further investigated with elution studies if warranted. Seventy-nine patient’s samples (7.74%) had a positive autocontrol: the gel test, 72 (91.13%); ReACT, 21 (26.58%); and the tube method, 27 (34.18%). Of the 79 positive autocontrols, 44 samples had a negative DAT. Of the samples with positive DAT results, only one possessed a
J.E. Courtney,
J.L. Vincent,
A.J. Indrikovs
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 50–52
Original Paper
positive correlation between motility and strength of formed biofilm was demonstrated.
Marjan Biočanin,
Haowa Madi,
Zorica Vasiljević,
Milan Kojić,
Branko Jovčić,
Jelena Lozo
Polish Journal of Microbiology , ISSUE 4, 433–438
Article
the University of Canterbury. The tool is based on items which together, define four values underpinning the mission of the Te Ariki Trust, namely “Professional Discretion”, “Collegial Obligation”, “Reflective Inquiry and Discourse” and “Evidencebased Professional Practice”. An analysis of one school’s responses to such a survey tool is one way to gauge evidence of collective commitment, the strength of collegial relationships and trust, with
Susan Lovett
Journal of Educational Leadership, Policy and Practice , ISSUE 2, 72–89
Original Paper
fixed-interval sweet reward provided a holistic ‘internal-external’ environmental strategic approach. One hypothesis was proposed; the intervention would be associated with a reduction in snack food consumption during the seven-day intervention period. Results indicated the number of snacks consumed was significantly reduced during the intervention. While methodological limitations precluded causal claims and strength and direction of relationships, evidence supported a behavioural
Nicola Brewer
Eat, Sleep, Work , ISSUE 1, 65–71
Article
Aiqun Wu,
Zhangxing Gao
International Journal of Advanced Network, Monitoring and Controls , ISSUE 4, 75–81
Article
Donor RBCs nonreactive in initial tests for D must be tested further for evidence of weak expression of D antigen. Performing this test in test tubes is labor intensive and prone to inconsistencies in readings (relative strength of agglutination) and interpretation (positive versus negative). These inconsistencies can lead to repeat testing, additional documentation, and delay in releasing units. We evaluated use of the Tecan MEGAFlex-ID™ pipettor to perform this test in anti-IgG gel
Bill A. Martinez,
Liz A. Crews,
Arlene M. Dowd,
Melissa McMahan
Immunohematology , ISSUE 1, 7–9
Article
transfusions. Red blood cells (RBCs) from the patient and her sister typed as Jk(a-b+) by direct hemagglutination and this phenotype was confirmed by negative adsorption and elution studies. Both infants' plasma samples were strongly reactive with 20 examples of Jk(a+) RBCs and nonreactive with 20 examples of Jk(a-) RBCs by SPRCA assays. Anti-Jka was not detected in either twins' plasma by indirect antiglobulin tests by tube method in low-ionic-strength saline solution or polyethylene glycol, or
Dawn H. Rumsey,
Sandra J. Nance,
Mary Rubino,
S. Gerald Sandler
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 159–162
Article
specificities (anti-K, anti-Jkb), known to be present in the serum, were not detected in the PEG tests. Four specificities were weaker with the PEG adsorbed serum. All other alloantibody specificities (13) were detected with equal or greater strength in the PEG adsorbed serum. The use of PEG to enhance the adsorption of autoantibodies should be considered as an option to reduce the time and cost of labor-intensive differential adsorptions. Laboratories should be cautioned that weak alloantibodies may not be
Christina L. Barron,
Mary Beth Brown
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 119–122
research-article
cement ratio was 0.23, the water (including 70% of the superplasticizer) to binder ratio 0.21. For mixtures with fibres the same straight fibre type was used with the length of 15 mm and diameter of 0.2 mm. The tensile strength of the fibres was higher than 2000 N/mm2. Size and shape of the specimens, production, storage, curing and testing of the specimens were according to ÖNORM EN 12390 [1] and ONR 23303 [2].
Digital Image Correlation (DIC) measurement system is an effective tool to measure and
Tamás MÉSZÖLY,
Norbert RANDL
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 1, 89–96
Article
The recently FDA-licensed anti-IgG gel test for pretransfusion antibody detection requires crossover validation before implementation. Six hundred coded samples sent for routine pretransfusion tests were used to compare GEL (ID-MTS, Ortho Diagnostic Systems Inc., Raritan, NJ) with Löw and Messeter’s low-ionic-strength saline (LISS). There were 456 GEL–LISS–, 97 GEL+LISS+, 45 GEL–LISS+, and 2 GEL+LISS– tests. The 144 positive tests involved 157 antibodies; 67
W. John Judd,
E. Ann Steiner,
Pamela C. Knaf
Immunohematology , ISSUE 4, 132–135
Research Article
communities in Pennsylvania were used. Spearman correlation coefficients were used to describe the bivariate association between each pair of features. These correlations were used to create a network in which the nodes are community features and weighted edges are the strength of the correlations among those nodes. Modules of clustered features were identified using the walktrap method. This network was plotted, and then examined separately for communities stratified by quartiles of child obesity
Emily A. Knapp,
Usama Bilal,
Bridget T. Burke,
Geoff B. Dougherty,
Thomas A. Glass
Connections , ISSUE 1, 1–11
research-article
concrete and the residual tensional strength after the first crack is due to the frictional stresses acting on the interface of the fibres and the concrete during the slipping of the fibres in the cracked zone.
In the new beam model according to Tóth, Pluzsik and Juhász [7] the fictive pull-out force was assumed to be constant. The aim of this work is to choose a more appropriate analytical model for the pull-out of synthetic fibres which can be built in the beam model to improve it and to gain a more
Mária Erdélyiné TÓTH,
Anikó PLUZSIK,
Tamás PLUZSIK,
Bálint MORLIN
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment , ISSUE 2, 89–95
research-article
the original Oppel’s stimulus became a combination of two inducers, unequal in strength. During the length matching procedure, the expansion effect of the undivided inducer partly balanced that of the subdivided one. The author discerned the residue.
A complete theory on the neural mechanisms of the expansion effect has not yet been proposed (Wackerman, 2017). Originally, the illusion of interrupted extent was explained by the retina curvature (Hering, 1861; Kundt, 1863). Later studies invoked
Algis Bertulis,
Tadas Surkys,
Arūnas Bielevičius
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis , ISSUE 4, 399–412
Research Article
to obtain human mental models; the other is a finite element method (FEM) to evaluate the tactile stimulus that causes VHI. Based on psychophysical experiments using Thurstone's Paired Comparison, VHI strength depends on the distance between two adjacent wires, and VHI caused by wide spacing of wires is considerably stronger than that caused by narrow spacing. In FEM analysis, a mesh model of fingertips is produced to mimic an actual finger to evaluate the strain energy density (SED) because one
M. Ohka,
Y. Kawabe,
A. Chami,
R. Nader,
H. B. Yussof,
T. Miyaoka
International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems , ISSUE 3, 488–503
Original Paper
bound with different strength in roots was significantly dependent on Cd concentration in the growth medium. When the plants were grown at 1 μg Cd ml–1, 9% of the immobilized cadmium was loosely bound to the root surface, 20% was exchangeable adsorbed, and 28% was bound by chelation; at 10 μg Cd ml–1, the respective values were 12%, 25%, and 20%. About 43% of the immobilized cadmium remained in roots after sequential extraction, and bioaccumulation factors in shoots had the same
Małgorzata Majewska,
Anna Słomka
Polish Journal of Microbiology , ISSUE 2, 191–200
Report
A blood donors with either MFA or weak agglutination on routine ABO CAT were recalled. CAT was repeated with human and monoclonal anti-A, and tube agglutination testing with monoclonal anti-A and PCR-SBT of ABO exon 7 was performed. A total of 13 of the 21 donors returned, and ABO CAT with human anti-A was repeated. Eleven samples showed MFA suspected to be the A3 subgroup, and two samples showed 2+ strength suspected to be the Aweak subgroup. When tube agglutination testing using monoclonal
Nampeung Anukul,
Nipapan Leetrakool,
Praijit Tanan,
Poonsub Palacajornsuk,
Phennapha Klangsinsirikul
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 49–56
Report
patient samples for an enhanced DAT evaluation from January 2011 through June 2013. An enhanced DAT evaluation involved a standard DAT and DATs performed using gel, polyethylene glycol, and 4°C low-ionic strength saline wash. We obtained detailed clinical information from 57 patients with an enhanced DAT investigation. Eighteen of these 57 patients (31.6%) were found to have a positive DAT, 11 (19.3%) of which were found to have a positive enhanced DAT (2 were positive by enhanced methods and
Matthew S. Karafin,
Gregory A. Denomme,
Michael Schanen,
Jerome L. Gottschall
Immunohematology , ISSUE 3, 108–115
Article
With the intent to increase laboratory efficiency and according to the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1988 (CLIA ’88), a parallel testing program comparing traditional tube technology with the gel system technology was undertaken. Test tube indirect antiglobulin tests were performed using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the antibody enhancement medium. Gel (GEL) column technology used the ID-Micro Typing System™, using predispensed anti-IgG and lowionic-strength saline for
Diane A. Derr,
Stacy J. Dickerson,
E.Ann Steiner
Immunohematology , ISSUE 2, 72–74